名师指津基础知识自测一、单词识记 1. _ n. 出生地; 故乡2. _ n. 短语; 词组; 惯用语3. _ n. 作者; 作家4. _ n.现场; 场面; 景色5. _ n. 人行道pavement birthplacephrase author scene6. _ n. 大使馆7. _ n. 信封8. _ n. 甜点; 点心9. _ n. 数量10. _ n. 礼貌; 举止; 方式manner embassyenvelopedessertamount11. _ vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊12. _ v. 寻找；探索；寻求13. _ vi. 冒险_ adj. 爱冒险的; 充满危险的_ n. 冒险家；投机分子adventurernovelnovelistadventureadventurous3. _ v. 许可 n. 通行证; 执照_ n. 许可；允许4. _ n. 耐性；耐心_ adj. 有耐心的_ adj. 没耐心的_ adv. 耐心地patientlypermit permissionpatience patientimpatient5. _ adj. 难以置信的_ adj. 可以相信的_ adv. 难以置信地unbelievablebelievableunbelievably6. _ adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的_ adv. 粗鲁地_ n. 粗鲁；无礼rude rudely rudeness(B) 灵活运用 1. To those more cautious persons, travelling in the desert might seem quite_ (adventure).作表语用形容词adventurous2. Mike used to swim in the river without his parents _ (permit).作介词宾语用名词permission3. _ (believe), she could remember 200 English words. 副词作状语, 从后面的内容来看需要用否 定意义的副词。4. Mark Twain, a well-known _ (novel), was born in Florida and brought up in Hannibal. 名词, 与前面的.Mark Twain 是同位语。novelistUnbelievably5. It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others kindness and _ (rude). 在物主代词后用名词, 与kindness 并列。rudeness1. _ 冒险2. _ 打赌3. _ 盯着看；凝视4. _ 导致；做出解释三、短语翻译account for take a chancemake a betstare at5. _ 抚养; 培养; 教育; 提出6. _ 衣衫褴褛7. _ 关于；至于8. _ 与此相反; 正相反on the contrary bring upin ragsas for9. _ 偶然; 无意中; 不小心10. _ 前进; 可以;往下说 11. _ 以出名12. _ 欠债in debtby accidentgo aheadbe famous/known for四、课文回顾Born in Florida, Mark Twain, an American renowned writer and speaker, spent his boyhood in Hannibal, Missouri， along the Mississippi River, three of 1_ most famous books describe people on this great river. As this author loved the river so much that even 2_ pen name comes from the river. As we know, “Twain” is 3_ old word for “two”. So, to “mark twain,” that is to say, the water is equal 4_ two fathoms ( 英寻)deep.whose his an to Being poor， Twain dropped school at the age of twelve 5_ (look) for work. Over the next two decades he worked as a printer， a riverboat pilot， a soldier， a gold miner， a businessman and a newspaper reporter to support the family.to look It was said that his first 6_ (success)story was about a jumping frog contest. And his works became extremely famous for their descriptions of common people and the way they talked, especially 7_ his humor. successful for As a result, he became very rich from his works, 8_ the last years of his life 9 _ (fill)with sad events, the deaths of his wife and children, the loneliness and the loss of much money. For this， his writings lost most of their humor and became sad 10 _ him. Yet he is still regarded as one of the best-known writers in the modern world.but was filled like 五、语段改错 It is the summer in 1903. Two old and wealthbrothers, Roderick and Oliver, had made a bet. Oliver believes that with million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London. Her brother Roderick doubts about it. ofwealthyhaveaHisAt this moment, they see a pennilessly young man wandered on the pavement outside their house. It is Henry Adams, a American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know how he should do.whatpennilesswanderingan1. in of 指1930年的夏天，用of表示所 有格。 2. wealth wealthy 在名词brothers前作 定语，用形容词。 3. had have 由上下文可知，用现在时 不用过去时。 4. 在with后加a 单数可数名词note要有限 定词，表示有“一张”支票，故加a。 5. Her His 上文提到两兄弟，指代不一 致。6. 删除doubts后的about 因为doubt本身是 及物动词，不用介词。 7. pennilessly penniless 在名词前作定语 ，要用形容词。 8. wandered wandering 由see sb. doing sth.可知。 9. a an 表示“一位”商人，在American 前应用an。 10. how what 作do的宾语，要用连接代 词what引导宾语从句。重点词汇讲练1. permit vt. 允许，许可例句 Permit me to lead the way, sir.先生，请让我来带路吧。派生 permission n.允许；许可搭配 根据汉语意思补全下列短语。 permit _ 允许某人做某事 permit _ 允许做某事 ask for _ 请求许可sb. to do sth.doing sth.permission联想像permit一样，用不定式to do sth. 作宾语补足语和用doing sth.作宾语 的及物动词还有 allow(允许)， forbid (禁止)，advise(建议)， recommend (推荐)等。运用 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 You are not permitted _ (smoke) here. I advise you not_ (drink) too much. to drink to smoke We forbid_ (shout) loudly in the office. The teacher encouraged me _ (study) abroad. to studyshouting2. stare vi. 凝视；盯着看(look at sb. or sth. for a long time)例句 His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on table.他的眼 睛盯着残羹剩菜。运用 It is not polite to _ (盯着别人).stare at others联想 fix ones eye on/upon 专注于; 凝视3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n.地点例句 What he did hasnt been spotted by the police.警察还没 有发现他所干的事。同义 dis