独立主格结构with复合结构10.1 独立主格 （一）： 独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 （二） 独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同 ，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词， 不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。1，The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 2，The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 3，Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 4，This done, we went home. 5，The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. 6，He came into the room, his ears red with cold.7，He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.10.2 With的复合结构作独立主格 表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也 可用with复合结构。 with +名词(代词 )+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不 定式/介词短语 He stood there, his hand raised.= He stood there, with his hand raise. The murder was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back。A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied. 注意: 1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题： 当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任 何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复 数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. ( hand前不能加his)。 2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，不及物 动词用现在分 词，及物动词用过去分词。 He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up. 典型例题题： Weather_, well go out for a walk. A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 本题题中没有连词连词 ，它不是复合句， 也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号，且we 小写， 可知其不是两个简单简单 句。能够这样够这样 使用的只有 独立主格或with的复合结结构。据此判断，本句中 使用的是独立结结构， 其结结构为为：名词词+分词词。 由于permit在这这里翻译为译为 天气允许许，表主动动, 用现现在分词词，故选选B。如果不会判断独立结结构作 状语语的形式，不妨将句子改为为条件句，例如本句 改为为If weather permits, well go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词谓语动词 改为为非谓语动词谓语动词 即可。1._,we went home.A.Our homework finished B.Our homework having been finished C.Ourhomework finishing D.Our homework been finished 2.The meeting_,he went back to his company. A.over,B.been over .C.was over .D.have been over 3.Time _,we shall visit the zoo. A.been permitting,B.permitting C.permitted D.having been permitted 4,_,he put on his coat.A.It being cold B.It cold C.Being cold D.It having been cold 5.He left the room_.A.with the door closing B.with the door closed C.with the door being closedThank you. Get relaxed!