U1 重点词汇讲解1. varietyn. 多种样式；多变性 a variety of / varieties of 多种多样的，种类繁多的， 相当于形容词 various1) There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.2) This tool can be used in a variety of ways. 3) She took the job for various reasons.2.behavev. 表现 一般与副词或介词连用He behaved like a true gentleman. 他的行为像个真正的绅士。behave (oneself) 表现得体；有礼貌I want you to behave yourself while I am away. adv.-behaved 表现得的 如: well-behaved, badly-behavedbehavior n. 行为，举止3.make fun of 开的玩笑，嘲笑 =laugh at 1) Dont make fun of people with disabilities. 不要嘲笑残疾人。注意：fun 不可数名词，have fun =have a good time 玩得开心It is fun to do sth. 做某事有趣2) What fun it is to do sth！ 做某事多有趣啊！3) What fun it is to walk in the snow! 在雪中散步真是有意思！4. the Academy Awards 奥斯卡颁奖庆典。award n. 奖；奖品；奖金；奖状1) He won an award for his good performance. 2) People like to attend the award ceremony hosted by him. v. 授予；奖励3) He was awarded the first prize. 4) The gold medal was awarded to Mr. Brown for his excellent performance. 【辨析】award / prize/ rewardaward 意为“奖，奖品” ， 指对于优异成绩或卓越贡献经过评定后正式授予的奖励，可以是精神的，也可以是物质的，常用于奖项名称。prize 意为“奖赏，奖品” ，多指确认某人在竞赛中获得的优异成绩并给予特殊的奖励。reward 意为“报答，酬劳” ，并不指某种荣誉，而指应得的报酬；也可以做动词表示“给人以报酬、奖赏” 。1) He was nominated for the best actor award.他获得最佳男演员奖提名。2) He won first prize in the English Speech Competition. 他在英语演讲比赛中获一等奖。3) He was rewarded for finding the lost dog. 他因找到那只丢失的狗而获得报酬。4) Winning the match was just reward for the effort the team had made.赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。5.live （1）adv. 现场地；直播地With all the news broadcast live, the pressure on the announcers is becoming heavier.（2）adj. 现场的，直播的；有生命的，活的We are watching the live coverage of the Olympics. 我们正在观看奥运会实况报道。She was frightened at the sight of a live snake. 看到一条活蛇她吓坏了。 注意：live 做“活着的”讲时，作定语要前置，一般不指人。【辨析】live/ alive/ living/ lively live adj. “活着的” （与 dead 想对应） ， 只能做定语（指动物） ，另外还有“现场直播的”意思（反义词 recorded “录制的，转播的” ）alive adj. “活着的，健在的” ，做表语；作定语需后置（一般用于人，有时也用于动物）living adj. “活着的；有生命的” 。既可以作定语，也可以作表语。 “生物”只能译作 living thingslively adj. 生动的，活泼的They are carrying out an experiment with a live monkey.It was a live broadcast, not a recording.Who is the greatest man alive? 6. come up with 想出；拿出1) She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.2) How soon can you come up with the money? come up 发芽；（太阳）升起； 被提及，被讨论come out （太阳，星星或月亮）出现，露出；开花；出版，发行come to 合计，总计come across （偶然）遇见，发现1) The bill came to $30. 2) She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 3) When is his new novel coming out? 4) The subject came up in conversation. 7.amuse vt. 使愉快，使高兴He came up with a good idea to amuse the kids. amused adj. 觉得好笑的amusing adj. 逗人笑的，有趣的amusement n. 可笑，愉悦，娱乐to ones amusement =to the amusement of sb 令某人高兴的，好笑的是We are amused at his amusing stories. 我们都被他有趣的故事逗乐了。To my amusement, he couldnt get the door open. 使我感到好笑的是，他竟然打不开门。8.strengthen vt. 加强 反义词 weaken vt. 减弱【注意】此类词由名词或形容词+后缀 en 构成，均为及物动词。frighten(使恐惧), lengthen(加长), widen(加宽), sharpen(削尖，使锋利) 等。en 也可以作为前缀，加在一些名词或形容词之前，同样也构成及物动词。如：enrich(丰富), enlarge(扩大), encourage(鼓励), ensure(确信), endager(危及)等。1) After-class activities really enrich our school life. 2) To learn English well, we have to enlarge our vocabulary. 3) When I came into the room, my 5-year-old daughter was struggling with a knife to sharpen her pencil. 9.participate vi. 参加，参与participate in 参加，参与 近义词 take part in1) She didnt participate in the discussion. 2) We want to encourage students participate fully in the running of the college.participant n. 参加的人，参与者participation n. 参加，参与10.take on 接收，接受 雇佣 呈现 承担，决定做1) I cant take on any extra work. 2) After so many years, my hometown has taken on a new look. 3) He was taken on as a trainee. take 的其他短语take down 拆除；记下take in 吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗take off 脱下；起飞；成功take over 接管，接任take up 占据（时间、空间） ；开始处理，从事；学着做，开始做；接着讲4) Workmen arrived to take down the old houses. 5) Dont be taken in the advertisement. It doesnt tell the truth. 6) Her singing career took off after her TV appearance. 7) His son took over the family business after his death. 8) He takes up his duties next week. 9) She took up the story where Tim had left off. 。11. tear vt.& vi.(tore, torn)撕扯；撕下 n. 眼泪；泪珠（常用复数 tears）tear down 撕掉；拆毁tear into pieces 把撕成碎片tear in two=tear into halves 把撕成两半tear oneself/sb. from sth./sb. 挣开；拽开；揪走in tears 哭1) She was in tears over the death of her pet dog.2) He just couldnt tear himself from the beautiful painting. 3) A heated discussion is carried out in the city whether the old city wall should be torn down.12.burst in 不及物动词词组，其后不能带宾语，意为“突然闯入” 。burst in 还有“突然插嘴，插话”的意思。同意词组：break inburst into 是及物动词词组，后加宾语。同意词组 ：break into 1) The police burst in and arrested the thief. 2) Tom burst into the room and made us shocked. 3) He longed to break in on their conversation but didnt want to appear rude. burst out crying/ laughing/singing =burst into tears /laughter /songs 突然大哭/大笑/唱起来break into 也有类似的用法4) She burst out crying for a while, and burst into laughter for another while, which made us at