“it”的用法 “it”一词在英语中应用广泛，形式多样，充分了解 其相关结构和用法，会对我们的英语学习很有帮助 。 1. it用作人称代词 it用作人称代词，不仅可以指事物，也可指人。它 的主要功能是指代。为避免重复，可用它来代替词 、词组或整个句子。 Have you seen my dictionary? Yes, it is on my desk. Who is there? It is me. 2. it用作非人称代词 it用作非人称代词，其作主语时通常没有具体意 义，用于表示气候、天气、温度、时间、地点 、距离和环境等意义的句子中。 It is ten miles from here. It is too noisy for me to study here. 指代时间的it还可以用在It is.since.句型中。 It is ten years since we got to know each other.3. it用作先行代词 it作先行代词的用法是充当形式主语或形式宾语，后面 的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、动名词 或名词性从句。 1) 代替不定式，被替代的成分要置于句末。 It is of great help to master a foreign language. It took me a week to rewrite the paper. I consider it advisable to tell her beforehand. I find it quite necessary to make some changes. 2) 作先行代词，代替动名词。 it代替动名词，主要用于下面的结构中。注意，这种结 构中不宜用不定式。 It is no good (no use, useless, senseless, dangerous, enjoyable, worthwhile) + 动名词 It is a waste (a nuisance, hard work) + 动名词It is worthwhile making another try. Its dangerous sleeping out in the woods at night. It is hard work persuading him into doing it. I find it a waste spending so much money drinking and eating. 3) 作先行代词，代替名词性从句。 该结构中的名词性从句可用that, what, when等引导。 It is obvious that metals in common use are very important in our life. It happened that she was not at home when I called. It is not known what caused the accident. Has it been found out who is the murderer? We have made it clear that she has nothing to do with the case. It is a mystery when they got married.4. it用于强调结构中 1) It is + 被强调部分 + that.该句型中，将被强调部分放在that前，其它部分置于that 之后。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、表语或状语。如 果去掉“It is.that.”结构，句意仍然完整。It is from the sun that we get light and heat. 2) It is not until + 被强调部分 + that. 该句型主要用于强调时间状语，译作“直到才”。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.5. it的习惯用法 it的习惯用法较多地出现在口语或非正式文体中，这时it已失去 了它的原意。 Win or lose, well stick it out. There is nothing for it but to stand. We had a nice time of it. it的用法 1it作代词 (1)在答语中替代this或that。如： -Whats this？ -Its a frog. (2)指已提到过的物体。如：Ive lost it on my way home.( （3)指情形、行为等。如： Jack is ill. Have you heard about it? (4)指人（不明的人或婴儿）。如： Who is it? (5）指天气、温度、时间、距离等。如： It is raining. Its very hot. Its five oclock. 2.引导词it (1）作形式主语。如： It is difficult to understand the passage. It is no use trying. It is said that the meeting will be put off. 4)It+takes+(sb.) some time / some money+to do sth. 例如: It will take them more than ten years to complete the Three Gorges Dam. 5)It+be+said / reported / told等+that-clause. 例如: It is said that he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 6)It+vt.+sb.+that-clause. 例如: It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. v原题再现 _is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It In fact_ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A. this B. that C. there D. it （2）作形式宾语。如： He feels it his duty to help others. We thought it no use doing that. They want to make it clean to the public that they do an important and necessary job. 他们要使公众明白他们做的是一项重要的而且必要的工 作. DDv1) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+(for sb.) to do sth. 例如: Do you think it possible for them to send an engineer there? 2) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+doing sth. 例如: You must find it exciting working here. 3) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+that-clause. 例如: I think it a pity that you didnt try harder. 原题再现 Dont _that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 答案: v(3）构成强调句。如： It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning. 今天早晨，就是在街上我看见李明。 D 原题再现 _was in 1979_I graduated from university. A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when 答案: (4）构成特殊句式。如： It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow. 【练习】 1）There is a photo on the wall._the photo of Lei Feng. A. It B. Its C. Its D. He（高考，1980) 2) Isnecessary to tell his father everything? A. it B. that C. what D. he (MET1987) 3) Ispossible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A. now B. man C. that D. it 4) I consider_ my duty to help you A. it B. this C. that D. its BCA D A（5) Three hundred thousand dollars_found because the thief dropped _ while getting away. A. was; it B. is; it C. are; them D. were; them II likein the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004?全国I） A. this B. that C. it D. one 2. -Do you like_ here? -Oh，yes. The air，the weather，the way of life. Everything is so nice.（2004?全国II） A. this B. these C. that D. it 3The Parkers bought a new house but_ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 4. I hate_ when people talk wi