CHAPTER 9Understanding Work Teams天马行空官方博客：http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ；QQ:1318241189；QQ群：175569632*1天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Group Decision MakingGroupthinkGroupthinkGroup-shiftGroup-shift天马行空官方博客：http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ；QQ:1318241189；QQ群：175569632Date2天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632GroupthinknNorm for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of actionnResults in poor decisionsne.g., Bay of Pigs Invasion, Watergate cover-up, Challenger DisasternAntecedentsnHigh level of cohesionnStressful decision-making contextnExternal pressure, tight budgets, recent failuresDate3天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Symptoms of GroupthinknIllusion of invulnerabilitynBelief in inherent morality of the groupnCollective rationalizationsnStereotypes of other groupsnSelf-censorship /Pressure on dissentersnIllusions of unanimitynEmergence of self-appointed mind guardsDate4天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Minimizing GroupthinknAvoid isolating the groupnBring in outside expertsnCritical evaluations/Devils advocatenRole is to question assumptions and offer divergent perspectivesnOpen climatenLeader invites and accepts divergent thinkingnAvoid being directivenStrong leader speaks last or not at allDate5天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Why Have Teams Why Have Teams Become So Popular?Become So Popular?nEvidence suggests teams typically out-perform individuals on tasks requiring multiple skills, judgment, & experiencenTeams have the ability to quickly assemble, deploy, refocus & disbandnEnables management to increase employee participation and motivationDate6天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Creating High-Performance TeamsnSize - less than 10-12 membersnProper mix of abilities and skillsnTechnical expertisenProblem-solving skillsnDecision-makingnInterpersonal skillsnEffective role allocationnCohesionnShared leadership and active participationnAccountability (reduces social loafing)nSelf-assessmentnDevelopment of high mutual trust Date7天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Self-Managed TeamsnTeams who take on responsibilities of their former supervisors.nAutonomy in decision makingnEmpowered to implement solutionsnIncreased job satisfactionnDepends on group norms, task type, employee KSAsDate8天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632CommonCommon PurposePurposeTeamwork ProcessesTeamwork ProcessesConflictConflictEfficacyEfficacySpecificSpecific GoalsGoalsSocialSocial LoafingLoafingDate9天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Strong Increase in ProductivityModerate Increase in ProductivityNo Significant Effect on ProductivityDecrease in ProductivityCohesivenessAlignment of Group and Org. GoalsHighLowCohesiveness-Productivity RelationshipHighLowDate10天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632Turning IndividualsTurning Individuals Into Team PlayersInto Team PlayersSelectionSelectionRewardsRewardsTrainingTrainingDate11天马行空官方博客： http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ； QQ:1318241189；QQ群： 175569632