Types of screw fastenersTypes of screw fasteners 螺纹紧固件的种类螺纹紧固件的种类Symbols of screw fastenersSymbols of screw fasteners螺纹紧固件的标记螺纹紧固件的标记Drawing methods of assemblies of screw fastenersDrawing methods of assemblies of screw fasteners螺纹紧固件的装配画法螺纹紧固件的装配画法ExercisesExercises 练习题练习题 Screw FastenersScrew Fasteners 螺螺纹纹紧紧固固件件请点击相应标题显示其内容请点击相应标题显示其内容Slotted cone pointed set screw. Hex nut. Slotted nut . Bright washer. Spring washer. Tab washer 锥端紧定螺钉锥端紧定螺钉 六角螺母六角螺母 六角槽形螺母六角槽形螺母 平垫圈平垫圈 弹簧垫圈弹簧垫圈 外舌止动垫圈外舌止动垫圈Hexagon head bolt. Stud. Slotted cheese head screw. Slotted pan head screw. Slotted countersunk screw. Hexagon socket cap六角头螺钉六角头螺钉 双头螺柱头双头螺柱头 圆柱头螺钉圆柱头螺钉 盘头螺钉盘头螺钉 沉头螺钉沉头螺钉 圆柱头内六角螺钉圆柱头内六角螺钉Types of screw fasteners Types of screw fasteners 螺纹螺纹紧固件紧固件的种类的种类Parts with threads used for joining and fastening are called screw Parts with threads used for joining and fastening are called screw fasteners. The most widely used components as screw fasteners are fasteners. The most widely used components as screw fasteners are bolts, double screw bolts, screws, nuts, washersbolts, double screw bolts, screws, nuts, washers用螺纹联接并起紧固作用的零件称为螺纹紧固件。常用的用螺纹联接并起紧固作用的零件称为螺纹紧固件。常用的 螺纹紧固件有螺纹紧固件有螺栓螺栓、双头螺柱双头螺柱、螺钉螺钉、螺母螺母、垫圈垫圈等。等。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Symbols of screw fasteners Symbols of screw fasteners 螺纹紧固件的标记螺纹紧固件的标记( (表示：拧入端为粗牙普通螺纹表示：拧入端为粗牙普通螺纹, ,露出端为螺距露出端为螺距P P=1mm=1mm的细牙普通螺纹的细牙普通螺纹, ,d d= =1010mm, mm, l l= =5050mm,mm,b bm m= =1d1d, ,按按A A型制造的双头螺柱型制造的双头螺柱) )指与其相配的螺纹件的大径指与其相配的螺纹件的大径 而不是该垫圈本身的尺寸值而不是该垫圈本身的尺寸值OmitOmit 可省略标注可省略标注请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容( (表示表示: : 螺纹规格螺纹规格M6M6，公称长度公称长度l l=30mm=30mm的的A A级六角头螺栓级六角头螺栓) )( (表示表示: :两端均为粗牙普通螺纹两端均为粗牙普通螺纹, ,d d=8mm, =8mm, l l=30mm,=30mm,按按B B型制造型制造) )( (表示表示: : 螺纹规格螺纹规格M5M5, , l l= =4545mmmm的开槽圆柱头螺钉的开槽圆柱头螺钉) )( (表示表示: : 螺纹规格螺纹规格 D=M8D=M8 的的A A级级1 1型六角螺母型六角螺母) )( (表示表示: :用于螺纹规格用于螺纹规格M6M6的平垫圈，性能等级为的平垫圈，性能等级为140140HVHV) )6.Washer Washer 垫圈垫圈 GB/ T97.1 6 140HV 1. 1.Bolt Bolt 螺栓螺栓 GB/ T5782 GB/ T5782 M630M6302 2. .Stud Stud 螺柱螺柱 GB/T897 GB/T897 M830M8303 3. .Stud Stud 螺柱螺柱 GB/ T897 GB/ T897 AM10-M10150AM10-M10150 4 4. .Screw Screw 螺钉螺钉GB/ T65 GB/ T65 M545M5455 5. . Nut Nut 螺母螺母 GB/ T6170 86 GB/ T6170 86 M8M8 Name Standard Name Standard number number名称名称 国标号国标号Style Specification, Other requirementsStyle Specification, Other requirements precision precision of the appearance of the appearance and the dimension and the dimension 型式型式 规格、精度规格、精度 其他尺寸要求其他尺寸要求SurfaceSurface treatmenttreatment表面表面处理处理Degree of Degree of capability; capability; material and material and heat treatment heat treatment 性能等级性能等级. .材材 料及热处理料及热处理Bolt Bolt Stud StudScrew ScrewNut Nut Washer WasherNumber of Number of National National StandardStandard GBGB编号编号 及年代及年代Type symbol Type symbol Nominal diameter Nominal diameter PitchPitch l 特征代号特征代号 公称直径公称直径螺距螺距公称长度公称长度l l （M M 、S S 、T Tr r、B B） ( (粗牙省细牙注粗牙省细牙注) )(3)The simplified representation.The simplified representation.按比例关系简化画出。按比例关系简化画出。(2)Stud JointStud Joint 双头螺柱双头螺柱联联接接Drawing methods of assemblies of screw fastenersDrawing methods of assemblies of screw fasteners螺纹紧固件的装配画法螺纹紧固件的装配画法 1. 1. Frequent joining methodsFrequent joining methods 常见联接型式(1)Bolt JointBolt Joint 螺栓联接螺栓联接(3)Screw JointScrew Joint 螺钉螺钉联联接接Representation 常见画法(1)The trim sizeThe trim size representation.representation.按实际尺寸和形状画出；按实际尺寸和形状画出；(2)The proportionalThe proportional representation.representation. 按比例关系完整画出；按比例关系完整画出；Drawing methodDrawing method 画图方法画图方法Drawing methodDrawing method 画图方法画图方法Drawing methodDrawing method 画图方法画图方法Drawing method of hexagon nut Drawing method of hexagon nut 六角螺母画法六角螺母画法 1.Choosing d1.Choosing dh h确定孔径确定孔径d dh h: :a a=(0.3 =(0.30.5)d0.5)d 螺栓露出端的长度螺栓露出端的长度请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Example : Draw an assembly using a M10 bolt, Component thickness is t1=10mm,t2=15mm, and clearance adjustment in medium.用螺纹规格为用螺纹规格为 M 10M 10的螺纹紧固件将厚度为的螺纹紧固件将厚度为t t1 1=10=10mmmm, t, t2 2=15=15mmmm的二零件连接的二零件连接, , 以中等装配精度画其螺纹联接装配图。以中等装配精度画其螺纹联接装配图。l l=1 1+2 2+ 0.15d(+ 0.15d(h h垫圈厚垫圈厚)+ )+ 0.8d0.8d( (m m螺母厚螺母厚)+ )+ a a2.Choosing nut2.Choosing nut 确定螺母确定螺母: :e=e= D D1616 Choice Choice (GB/T 6170 (GB/T 6170 M10M10 ) s=) s=m m= =3.Choosing washer 3.Choosing washer 确定垫圈确定垫圈: :d d1 1= =ChoiceChoice (GB/T 197.1 10(GB/T 197.1 10 ) ) d=10d=10 d d2 2 = = h h= =4.Choosing4.Choosing bolt bolt 确定螺栓确定螺栓: :s=s= ChoiceChoice ( GB/T 5782 ( GB/T 5782 M10M10 l l ? ? ) )k=k= 5.Choosing5.Choosing bolt bolt 确定螺栓有效长度确定螺栓有效长度l l: := =10+15+2+8.4+(0.310+15+2+8.4+(0.30.5)100.5)10 = = 38.438.440.440.4Choice l by GB/T 5782 根据国