CHAPTER 11Materials Handling, Computerization and Packaging天马行空官方博客：http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ；QQ:1318241189；QQ群：175569632Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-2Materials Handling Equipment - Manual RacksConventional pallet racksDrive-in racksDrive-through racksHigh-rise racksCantilever racksPallet stacking framesStacking racksGravity-flow racks Shelving Drawers Mobile racking or shelvinga天马行空官方博客：http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ；QQ:1318241189；QQ群：175569632Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-3Materials Handling Equipment - Automated Unit load AS/RS Car-in-lane Miniload AS/RS Horizontal carousels Vertical carousels Man-ride machines11-2 b天马行空官方博客：http:/t.qq.com/tmxk_docin ；QQ:1318241189；QQ群：175569632Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-4Advantages of Automated Materials Handling Systems Operating cost savings Improved service levels Increased control through more and better information11-3Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-5Disadvantages of Automated Materials Handling Systems Initial capital costs Downtime of equipment Maintenance interruptions Software-related problems Capacity problems Lack of flexibility Maintenance cost User interface/ training Worker acceptance Obsolescence11-4Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-6Operational and Implementation Problems with Warehouse Automation SystemsProblem AreaPercent Mentioning1.Cost of equipment/financial justification 2.Downtime or reliability of equipment/maintenance interruptions 3.Software-related problems, such as poor documentation, incompatibility, failure or modification 4.Capacity problems, such as limited applications/integration of equipment into existing system 5.Lack of flexibility to respond to changing environment/not suitable for high degree of seasonality in business 6.Maintenance cost/ maintenance parts 7.User interface/training to operate system/transition from manual to automated procedure 8.Worker acceptance of automation 9.No problems/ we are adapting well 10.Lack of top management commitment 11.Obsolescence/ need more up-to-date automation/ need more automation19.0% 10.0 8.08.06.05.05.04.04.03.03.011-5Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-7Warehousing in a JIT Environment Total commitment to quality Reduced production lot sizes Elimination of non-value-added activities11-6Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-8Functions of Packaging MarketingInformationPromotion Logistics Containment Protection Apportionment Unitization Convenience Communication11-7Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-9Benefits of Good Packaging Lighter packaging may save transportation costs. Careful planning of packaging size/cube may allow better space utilization. More protective packaging may reduce damage and requirements for special handling. Environmentally conscious packaging may save disposal costs and improve the companys image. Returnable containers provide cost savings and environmental benefits.11-8Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-10Technologies of the Modern Warehouse Warehouse management systems (WMSs) Radio frequency communication and inventory update Bar-code reading and label generation equipment EDI and the Internet Transportation management systems Interface to enterprise requirements planning (ERP) systems Productivity tracking software Activity-based costing software11-9Copyright 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-11Information Flows in the Supply ChainSupplier communication Manufacturer communication Warehouse communication Carrier communication Customer communicationSupplierCarrierInbound carrierCustomerManufacturerSupplier warehouseSupplier warehouseOrder (or complaint) informationOrder/complaintDelivery informationAppointment informationOrder information Pickup scheduleSource: Arnold Maltz, the Changing Role of Warehousing (Oak Brook,IL: Warehousing Education and Research Council, 1998), p. 27. 11-10