谓语动词的时态和语态在英语中，实义词(名词，动词 ，形容词，副词和数词)的不同 形式可表达不同的意义。用谓语动词的各种不同的形式 来表示时态、语态或语气。动词的分类动词实义动词：连系动词：情态动词：助动词：可单独作谓语+ 表语，共同构成谓语+ 动词原形,共同构成谓语+ 动词的不同形式,共同构 成谓语，表示不同的时态 、语态或语气。学习时态和语态时要掌握的内容 判断何时用谓语动词，何时用非谓语动词； 熟记各种时态和语态的谓语动词形式(构成)； 会运用各种时态所表达的用法(意义)； 熟记常用的该时态的时间状语; 有些时态的特殊用法。用谓语动词的各种不同的形式来表示时态、语 态、语气,时态的确定:以说话时的时间点为 参照点 1.发生在此前的动作或存在的状态,就用过去时 态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去 完成时等); 2.发生在此时，就用现在时(一般现在时，现 在进行时，现在完成时，现在完成进行时等 ); 3.发生在之后的,就用将来时(一般将来时,将来 进行时).对比： 非谓语(doing/to do)的时态要以谓语动词的时间为 参照点: 发生在其前就用having done/to have done; 发生在其后或同时就用doing/to do/to be doing. 句子的基本结构： 主语+ 谓语动词 谓语 时态 与 非谓语 语态注意：谓语只能用动词充当，换句话说，完整的 句子里一定要有动词出现。高考需要掌握的十种时态单句填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ (not live) here any more. 2. Many people _ (avoid) the very attempts that _ (be) the source of true happiness.3. The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life _ (equal) happiness _ (reduce) their chances of ever attaining real happiness.doesnt live avoid areequals reducesthat4. He _ (play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津)5. -Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -Yes, since he _ (join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏)playedjoined 6. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ (increase) their sales by 20%. (全国)7. Population experts predict that most people_ (live) in cities in the near future. (上海)will increasewill live8. Teenagers _ (damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆)9. I called John many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南)are damagingwas talking 10. John promised his doctor he _ _ (not smoke), and he _ (smoke) ever since. 11. At this time tomorrow, I _ (lie) on the beach.would not smokewill be lying has not smoked12. So far this year we_ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建)13. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ (stay) in many worse hotels. (北京)have seenhad stayed14. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ (know) each other for years. (辽宁)15. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -I think so. He _ (prepare) for it for months. (江苏)had knownhas been preparing 16. The telephone _ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川)17. -Did you go to the show last night? -Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _ (invite). (陕西)was ringing was invited 各种时态的谓语动词形式1.一般现在时 2.一般过去时 3.一般将来时 4.过去将来时 5.现在进行时 6.过去进行时 7.现在完成时 8.过去完成时 9.现在完成进行时 10.将来进行时do(动词原形),does(第三人称单数 ), am, are, isdid, was, were(过去式) will +dowould + dowas/were + doingis/am are +doinghas/have +done had + done has/have + been +doing will be + doing各种时态的基本用法一般现在时 1. 基本用法： 表示现阶段存在的状态或经常性、习惯 性的动作； 表示客观真理、事实存在、格言警句等 。 2. 结构： 陈述句：主语+do/does(动词原形或第三人 称单数) 疑问句：Do/Does/Am/Is/Are+主语+其它 ？ 3. 时间状语： every day, often, always, once a week, seldom, usually, on weekends他每天早上6:00起床吗？ Does he get up at 6:00 every morning?一般过去时 1. 基本用法： 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 过去反复发生的动作。 2. 结构： 陈述句：主语+did(过去式) 疑问句：Did/Was/Were+主语+其它？ 3. 时间状语： yesterday, ago, last, in +过去的某年、 年代，after, later, just now等如 five years ago, last winter, in 2006, after a few days, half an hour later.我们小时候常在一起玩。We often played together when we were children.一般将来时 1. 基本用法： 表示在将来的某个时间发生的动作； 在某种条件下，必定会发生的事情，即If , will 2. 结构： 由 “shall/will+动词原形”构成，shall 用于 第一人称后，will 可用于各种人称后。 在口语中，常使用 be going to do 结构表 示准备做或将要做的事。 用 be to do 表示计划、安排要做的事。 用 be about to do 表示即将要做的事。 时间状语： tomorrow, next week/month/year, in + 时间段(多长时间之后)，如：in a few days几天后如果我们坚持每天早起，肯定会受益匪浅。If we stick to getting up early every day, well certainly benefit a lot from it.未来25年，哪些发明会改变我们的生活呢？What kinds of inventions will change our life in the next 25 years?过去将来时1.基本用法 表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作。 2. 结构 陈述句：主语+would do 疑问句：Would+主语+do? 3.时间状语 多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的 动作。一位意大利科学家预测说那样的地震会再次 发生。An Italian scientist did predict that such a quake would happen. 现在进行时 1.基本用法 说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段在进行的动作 。 2.结构 陈述句：主语+am/is/are doing 疑问句： Am/Is/Are+主语+doing? 3.时间状语 now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days各种新的发名正在不断地改变着我们的生活 。New inventions are constantly changing our lives. 过去进行时 基本用法 表示某一时间正在发生的动作或过去 某段时间在做的动作。 2. 结构 陈述句：主语+was/were doing 疑问句：Was/Were+主语 +doing? 3. 时间状语 this morning, the whole morning, all day, this time yesterday, from 9 to 10 last evening when, while, then昨天下午4：00你在作什么？What were you doing at 4:00 yesterday afternoon?现在完成时 基本用法 过去发生的动作对现在所造成的影响或结果 ； 过去某一时间就已经开始的动作一直持续到 现在并有可能继续持续下去。 2.结构 陈述句：主语+has/have done 疑问句：Has/have+主语+done? 3.时间状语 for + 时间段, since + 时间点, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, recently, lately从20世纪60年代以来，水稻产量急剧地增 加了。 Rice productivity has increased dramat