Unit 1 Great Scientists- Grammar过去分词作定语和表语 The Past Participle as the Attribute and Predictive动词有五种形态， 原形（Original Form）、 第三人称单数形式（Singular Form in Third Personal）、 过去式（Past Form）、 过去分词（Past Participle）、 现在分词（Present Participle）。 Find out all the past participles in the reading and analyse them:lived(谓); had(谓); foreseen(谓); drunk(谓); shown(谓); moved(谓); understood(谓pv); controlled(谓pv); found(谓pv); been given(谓pv); used(谓pv); spread(谓pv); examined(谓pv); instructed(谓pv); defeated(谓pv)谓 语完 成 时 态被 动 语 态Find out all the past participles in the reading and analyse them:exposed to(定); terrified(定); affected(定); polluted(定); polluted(定); polluted(定); astonished(定); inspired(表); interested(表); determined(表); linked(表); delivered(补); lived(谓); had(谓); foreseen(谓); drunk(谓); shown(谓); moved(谓); understood(谓pv); controlled(谓pv); found(谓pv); been given(谓pv); used(谓pv); spread(谓pv); examined(谓pv); instructed(谓pv); defeated(谓pv)谓 语完 成 时 态被 动 语 态非 谓 语定 语表 语补 语Find out all the past participles in the reading and analyse them:exposed to terrified affected polluted polluted polluted astonishedinspired interested determined linkeddelivered非 谓 语定 语表 语补 语people (exposed to cholera) (terrified) people the (affected) person the river (polluted by the dirty water) (polluted) water (polluted) water the (astonished) peoplebecame inspired became interested was determined to find out why were linked to the outbreakhad it delivered to her house Exercise 2 page 5构成：1.规则V+ed2.不规则 意义：一般说来，过去分词作定语含有“完 成”或“被动”的双重意义1.完成意义a retired teacher2.被动意义an honored guest一位退休的教师一位受尊敬的客人The Past Participle as the AttributeThe Past Participle as the Attribute一颗破碎的心 丧家之犬 已经升起的太阳(1) 位置 单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名 词或代词前面； a a brokenbroken heartheartthe the risenrisen sunsuna a lostlost dog dog单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，要放在这些 词后面。Nothing (reported) interested him.people addicted to drugsa novel written by Luxunthe advice given to the patientan old man supported by his sona school built for orphans过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代词后面。(2) 功能过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能 相当于一个定语从句。The stolen bike belongs to Jack. The bike which had been stolen belongs to Jack. The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection. The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection. (3) 表示的时间过去分词作定语时，所表示的动作在谓语所 表示的动作之前发生.The letter posted yesterday will soon reach him. Have you read the books written by the young writer？ They found a damaged car at the gate of the park. I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行) The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建) The house built over there is a shop. (被动、已建好)(4) 过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别 ：过去分词表示被动或完成；现在分词表示主动或进行。the changing world the changed world(正在变化的)(变化了的)boiling waterboiled water(正在沸腾的)(已经沸腾过的)a developing countrya developed country(发展中的)(发达的)falling leavesfallen leaves正在飘落的树叶落叶退休工人a retired worker逃犯an escaped prisoner被盗的汽车a stolen carTranslate the following phrases:The Past Participle as the Predictive(1) 意义过去分词作表语，无“被动”的意思，只是表 示主语的状态或思想感情等。(2) 结构+ done+ donebebefeelfeel/look/seem/get/become/look/seem/get/become/remain /remain (3) 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别1.He looked worried after reading the letter.When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.2.The glass is broken.(表示状态)The glass was broken by Tom last night. (表示动 作)注：过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一谈。1.用作表语的过去分词主要表示一种状态，此时 相当于一个形容词。2. 用作被动语态的过去分词，句子的主语是动作 的承受者，后常跟by短语。(4) 过去分词做表语与现在分词的区别1. The result of the test is disappointing. 2. I feel disappointed in the result of the test.2. The story is very interesting.He is interested in the book.3. What a surprising result!I am surprised at what he said.Exercise 3 page 5I heard the news that our team had won 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 I had no idea that you were here 我不知道你在这里。 l have no idea when he will be back 我不知道他什么时候回来 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一 般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体 内容。如： 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而 被别的词隔开。 如： Word came that Tom won the game. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1. 同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说 明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名 词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词 范围，或补充一些情况。如： The news that l have passed the exam is true （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。） （that在从句中不充当任何成份。） The news that he told me just now is true （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“ 他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。） （that在从句中作told的宾语。）2、关系词在句中是否做成分 作业讲解Compete the sentences using the right form of the Compete the sentences using the right form of the given verb.given verb.1.1.I had nothing to do. I was _ (bore) and I had nothing to do. I was _ (bore) and lonely.lonely.2.2.Jack looked even more _ (amaze) than he Jack looked even more _ (amaze) than he felt.felt.3.3.The results were very _ (disappoint).The results were very _ (disappoint).4.4.I was thanked by the _ (satisfy) I was thanked by the _ (satisfy) customer.customer.5.5.The girl _ (dress) in red is my The girl _ (dress) in red is my daughter.daughter.6.6.Last Mond