词语翻译1英汉词语在表达上的差异词汇涵义的范围不同词汇涵义的范围不同词义不完全对应词义不完全对应英语：英语： 灵活，范围广，灵活，范围广， 依赖上下文依赖上下文汉语：汉语： 严谨，凝滞，严谨，凝滞， 范围窄范围窄e.g. well ：涌出、喷出”（动词）；“好、很好、好意地、 恰当地”（副词）；“健康、很好、可取的”（形 容词）；“井、泉、源泉、令人满意的事物”（名词） ；“咳、嗯、好吧”（语气词） 2英语一词多义Business was rather slow last month.上个月生意不太景气The book is rather slow.这本书很乏味（不精彩）。Youd better go slow in reaching a conclusion.你最好不要急于下结论。He is slow of understanding.他理解力较差。He is so slow that I have to explain everything several times.他太迟钝，所有的事我都得解释好几遍。Be slow to promise but quick to practice.不要轻易许诺，但一旦许诺要尽快实践。He is slow at speech with women yet.跟女人说话，他还有点笨嘴拙舌。 3Develop troubleDevelop a forceDeveloping a practical rodDevelop a statementDevelop a theoryDevelop a new type of potatoDevelop a tuberculosisDevelop his own manner of acting Develop all the natural substancesDevelop the depositDevelop a designDevelop the science of agricultureDevelop a kind of paperDevelop photosDevelop an extramarital affairDevelop new materialsDevelop childrens interestDevelop the western region4Oh, what a story. 哦，好个谎话。To make a long story short. 长话短说。It is another story. 这是另外一个问题。He storied about his academic career and his professional career.他编造了他的学历和经历。5Once the story got abroad, I would never hear the last of it.要是这个奇闻传了出去，就会议论个没完没了。You put me on the spot. I have to cook up a story this time.你把我拖下水，这回我要找借口了。It was reported that the general was dead, but officials refused to confirm the story.据说将军已死，但官方拒绝证实这消息。6to launch a movement, campaign, drive 搞运动、活动；to launch a training program, class, course 举办培训班，to launch a satellite 发射卫星 to launch a loan 发放贷款 7翻译时注意：n平时多积累 Their people have always been available to offer assistance and answer technical questions. 他们的工作人员随时为我们提供支持并解 答技术上的问题。 You have a creative edge in business. 你获得创造性地商业优势。8n感情色彩 P20n正确使用语体 P21n符合逻辑和实际情况 P229Homeworkn写10个含kill不同词义的句子，并将句子翻译成汉语。nTranslate the following sentences nHow to develop an online course?nScientists develop “brain chip”.nThe purpose of this course is to help students develop understanding of business communications in English at an intermediate level.nFrom life to death is mans reach.nThe new principal has no previous experience of school government.nHe put forward some new ideas to challenge the interest of all concerned.10增词法、减词法11一、为了语法上的需要而增词 时态要求 补充原文因语法省略的词 二、为了表达清晰和自然而增词 增加动词 形容词 副词 名词 量词 三、为了增加背景文化知识 四、名词复数翻译的增词法 语气词 范畴词 概括性的词 承上启下的词12一、为了语法上的需要而增词 n时态要求 汉语表示时态的词：着，了，过等 P33 The English language is in very good shape. It is changing in its own undiscoverable way, but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree.13 补充原文因语法省略的词Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸 取教训更好14二、为了表达清晰和自然而增词增加动词 形容词 副词 名词 量词语气词 范畴词 概括性的词 承上启下的词15n增加动词uIn every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theatres and restaurants.在中国，我们每到一个城市就遛大街、逛商店、游公 园、看演出、吃名菜。（）uIn the evening, after the banquet, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqu.晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之 后 ，他还得起草最后公报。汉语动词连用 vs 只有一个定式动词I forgot my key我忘了带钥匙二、为了表达清晰和自然而增词16n增加形容词uThe war made a man of him.战争把他锻造成一个堂堂的男子汉。 Deflation has now reached unprecedented level.通货紧缩已经发展到了空前严重的地步。17n增加副词The crowds melted away.The crowds melted away.人群人群渐渐渐渐散开了散开了As he sat down and began talking, words As he sat down and began talking, words poured out.poured out.他一坐下来就讲开了，他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝滔滔不绝地讲的没完。地讲的没完。18n增加名词 不及物动词不及物动词宾语隐含在动词后面宾语隐含在动词后面 抽象名词后增加名词抽象名词后增加名词 具体名词表示抽象概念时，名词后增加名词 在在形容词形容词前加名词前加名词19 不及物动词不及物动词宾语隐含在动词后面宾语隐含在动词后面First you borrow, then you beg.First you borrow, then you beg.头一遭借头一遭借钱钱，下一遭就讨，下一遭就讨饭饭Day after day he came to his workDay after day he came to his work sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning.他每天来干活他每天来干活扫扫地地，擦，擦地板地板，收拾，收拾房间房间。20 形容词形容词This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是这部打字机真是物物美美价价廉。廉。 He is a complicated manmoody, He is a complicated manmoody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak.mercurial, with a melancholy streak. 他是一个他是一个性格性格复杂的人复杂的人喜怒无常，反复多变，喜怒无常，反复多变， 有些犹豫寡欢。有些犹豫寡欢。21To persuade To prepare Backward Tense Arrogant Mad antagonistic说服 准备 落后 紧张 自满 疯狂 敌对Persuasion Preparation Backwardness Tension Arrogance Madness antagonism说服工作 准备工作 落后状态 紧张局势 自满情绪 疯狂行为 敌对态度 抽象名词后增加名词抽象名词后增加名词22 具体名词表示抽象概念时，名词后增加名词He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty.他让法官的职责战胜父子的私情，而判决他儿子有罪。23n增加表示名词复数的词增加重迭词表示复数增加数词或其他词表示复数Flowers bloom all over the yard朵朵鲜花开满了庭院The lion is the king of animals.狮是百兽之王24The ASIAN countries have designated 1992 as “Asian Tourism Year”, and are cooperating in a drive to convince the worlds pleasure-and- culture-seekers of their attractions. 亚洲几个国家将1992年指定为“亚洲旅游年”，携手 合作发起一场宣传攻势，旨在让世界各地的那些猎 奇探胜的游客确信，他们这些国家也有许多引人入 胜的旅游景观。 25n增加量词 数词与可数名词直接连用有些动词或动作名词26 数词与可数名词直接连用数词与可数名词直接连用A tractorA bikeA full moonA m