动词和动词短语高考考点 动词（1）动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在 历年高考题试题中动词所占比例最大，设 题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语 来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义 的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择 及完形填空中。 1.动词的词义 (1) Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures. （2005山东29 ） A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support 【答案及解析】选A。stand 忍受某事物，经 受得起。例如：He cant stand hot weather. hold 支撑住，承受重量； support 支持，支撑重量，养活； carry 携 ，带，搬动。显然不符合题意。(2)-How about eight oclock outside the cinema? -That _me fine(全国河南、河北、 山东、福建 26)Afits Bmeets Csatisfies DSuits【答案及解析】选D。 A表示大小、色彩等适合；B 表示碰见某人或满足需要等；C表示使某人满意 ；D可表示时间、场合等适合某人或者对某人方 便。根据语境可知，8点钟对后者非常方便，故选 D。(3)John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been _by a heavy storm (2004辽宁卷33) Akept Bstopped Cslowed Ddelayed 【答案及解析】选D。选项A表示保持；B的意思是 ：停止，阻止；C的意思是：减速，放慢；D是： 延误，耽搁。根据句子及选项的意思，答案选D ，表示他的航班被延迟了。(4)After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself，he _it into the sea (2004上海卷47)Atransported Bunloaded Creleased Dhandled 【答案及解析】 选C。 transported意思是：运输； unloaded意思是：卸卜；handled意思为：处理 ，操纵，运用。这些词都与句子意思不符，予以 排除。而release意为：释放，还以自由，与 题意相符，故答案选c。2.动词搭配 （1） From then on Ive always tried to _44_ the principle in my life and later in running my company.（2005山东完形）A. revise B. set C. review D. follow 【答案及解析】选D。 follow the principle遵 循这一原则。（2）Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _his bossAserves Bsatisfies Cpromise Dsupports 【答案及解析】选B。 that nothing he does _his boss是一个宾语从句，在这个从句中 ，he does是定语，限制前面的nothing，而实际 上nothing是宾语从句的主语，his boss是宾语从 句的宾语，单从谓语与宾语的关系来看，四个答 案都可以，但从主、谓、宾的搭配来看，选项A 、C、D的主语应该是人，而不能是事nothing， 只有选项B的主语必须是事或物，故选B。(3)On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine，she _pale(2004湖北卷30)A. got Bchanged Cwent Dappeared 【答案及解析】选C。选项A作系动词时，表示人为 所致成一个相对长的过程；B是实义动词，不能 接形容词作表语；C表示情况变坏、糟糕；D表示 表面是这样而事实上并非如此。根据句子及动词 的意思，答案选c。(4)Happy birthday，Alice! So you have _twenty-one already! (2004天津卷25)Abecome Bturned Cgrown Dpassed 【答案及解析】 选B。选项A表示身份的变化，C表 示状态的变化(grow old)，显然它们与意思不符， 应排除；选项B、D都可表示：(时刻的)超过，但 选项B的主语必须是人或事；而D的主语是时间段 。因此，根据句子的意思，答案选B。3.动词短语很多动词与介词或副词连在一起构成固定 的搭配从而形成动词短语或短语动词，不 能随意更改。如：make out，make up， make off，make over，make into；give up，give in，give away，give out，give off，etc而这些短语的辨析，也备受历年 高考命题者的青睐。 解答该题型的关键是 根据所给动词短语的意思，结合题干作出 正确选择。在平时的学习中应特别注意多 积累一些习惯用语。(1)What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _？（2005山东32）A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up 【答案及解析】 选A。 give out 用完，耗尽；put out 扑灭，把某物放在外边，发布/出版等； hold up 阻碍或延误某人/物，以武力/暴力威胁抢劫； used up 是最大的干扰项，use up表示把某物用 完/尽，是及物动词短语，这里要用被动语态。故 答案只能选A。(2)It was _46_ a great deal of time, and the headmaster of my school gave me （2005山东完形）A. taking up B. making up C. picking up D. keeping up 【答案及解析】选A。 take up time 占据时 间；make up编造，组成；pick up 捡起， 接收（节目），接人，学会等；keep up 继 续，维持。(3) John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will _ him _ at the airport. (2005 广东)A. Sendaway B. seeoff C. leave off D. show around 【答案及解析】选B。为某人送行 see. off 这是一个习惯用语。(4) Before the war broke out，many people _in safe places possessions they could not take with them(2004重庆卷26)Athrew away Bput away Cgave away Dcarried away 【答案及解析】 选B。由空格后内容可知，人们把 不能带走的财产藏在安全地方。B项意为收拾， 贮藏故为正确答案。而选项A的意思是扔掉；C是 分发、泄露、出卖；D是冲走，与语境不符，都 予以排除。(5) -_for the glass!-Its OKIm wearing shoes(2004湖南卷22)ALook out BWalk out CGo out DSet out 【答案及解析】 选A。考查短语动词的意思区别及 与语境意思的联系。首先我们要正确区别短语动 词的意思，选项A的意思是“当心，小心”；B是“罢 工、罢课、退席”；C是“出去，滚出去”；D是“出 发，开始”。再根据句子的语境，从后者的回答中 可推知前句的意思是：当心玻璃。故答案选A。Practice 1Some of the students have already learned enough English to _ a conversation with a native English speaker.A. hold on B. keep onC. go on D. carry on 2Youd better fly somewhere in the west. Then you can _ a hire car and travel around.A. take up B. get onC. pick up D. turn onDC3Weve invited Mr and Mrs Brown to dinner. But well have to_ because of the babys sickness.A. took up B. made upC. gave up D. put off 4They have _ most carefully the time and money needed to complete the project.A. picked out B. left outC. figured outD. taken outDCC表示主观想法pick out挑出，选出； leave out 漏掉；figure out算出； take out拿出， 5The actress who had been thought highly of _ to be a great disappointment.A. turned up B. turned outC. turned down D. turned in 6Its a good idea. But whos going to _the plan? I think Tom and Mike will.A. carry out B. get through C. take in D. set asideBAcarry out执行，实行；get through完成，度过，通过； take in吸收，领会； set aside不理会，搁置、留出时 间/金钱等。 7Most people didnt accept the theory when it was first _.A. set about B. set off C. put forward D. put out 8 Without proper lessons, you could _ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.A. give up