初中英语外研版版八年级下Module3 Journey to spaceUnit3 Language in useReview1Presentation2Language Points3Scientists have sent spaceship to Mars. The journey has taken several months. ReviewAstronauts have already been to the moon.No one has been to Mars yet, because Mars is very far away, much farther than the moon.Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe. Scientists have sent spaceship to the planet Mars to take photos. They have even sent spaceships to travel outside the solar system. No spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy.1. Ive just made a model spaceship. 2. Has it arrived yet? 3. Astronauts have already been to the moon. 4. We have not found life on any other planets yet.在现在完成时的句子中，already(已经) 、just(刚刚)常用于肯定句，放在have和 has的后面。yet(还、尚、仍然)常用于否 定句和疑问句，（放在have和has的后面 也可放在句末）。PresentationSpaceship on Mars! Astronauts have (1) _ been to the moon but they have not been to any other planets. However, a spaceship (2) _ arrived on Mars and it has (3) _ sent back photos of the red planet. Is there life on Mars? We do not know (4) _.alreadyjust alreadyyet Complete the news with already, just and yet.have/has been to与have/has gone to 的区别: have/has been to表示某人“去过某地 ，现在已经回来了”。 have/has gone to表示某人“去某地了” ，这个人已经不在这里了。The spaceship has gone to Mars. It has gone there, but it has not come back yet. Astronauts have been to the moon. They went there and then they came back.Look at these sentences.1. Astronauts have been / gone to the moon and returned. 2. The spaceship has been / gone into space. It will travel for ten days. 3. The astronaut has been / gone to the space station. He will come back tomorrow. 4. The spaceship has been / gone to the space station. It brought back two astronauts.Now choose the correct answer.Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box. have / has been have / has gone1. A spaceship _ to Mars. It is coming back to the earth next year.has gone2. Lots of astronauts _ to the space station. They found it very interesting. 3. Some astronauts _ to the moon twice. 4. Two British astronauts _ to the space station. They will come back in January. have beenhave beenhave gone 现在完成时(2) 当表示动作已经完成，并对现在有一 定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。 同时，可分用just, already或yet加以 强调或说明。例如： I have just heard the news. 我刚听到消息。Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。He has just started to explore other planets. 我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。可以看出，just 用来表示“刚刚”， already 用来表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have / has 之后。在否定句中则可用yet, 表示“还未”， 有“以后可以会”的含义。例如：The scientists have not heard from it yet. Man has not discovered any life in space yet. 另外，在使用现在完成时的时候，要注意与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体 时间发生的事情。例如： I have just been to London. I went there last month.我刚去过伦敦，上个 月去的。 I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago. 我已经完成 家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用过去时呢？判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句强调的是什么。试看以下对话：A: Where have you put my book? I cant find it. 你把我的书放哪儿去了？我找不到。B: I put it on your desk yesterday. 我昨天放你桌子上了。该对话中，当A 问对方把自己的书放在何处时，A 感兴趣的是现在的状态，因此用现在完成时。但是B 回答时只是说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。再看下面的对话：A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight? 你今晚想和我 去看电影吗？ B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好 意思，我已经看过那部电影了。 对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强 调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了。Nicky: Ive just (1) _ (watch) a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have (2) _ (discover) water on Mars?Bill: Yes, I did. And scientists (3) _ (try) to find life on Mars now.watcheddiscoveredare tryingComplete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.Nicky: Yes, theyre looking for life but they (4) _ (not find) anything yet.Bill: There were some new photos of Mars in the newspaper today. (5) _ you _ (see) them yet? Nicky: Yes. Theyre amazing havent findHave seen Complete the email with the words in the box. been just met never read written yetFROM: Liu Dan TO: Li Fang SUBJECT: Ive found a great book.Dear Li Fang, Ive (1) _ finished reading a great book at school. I havent (2) _ anything as good as that for a long time! Its a story about the solar system. In the book, the writer imagines that astronauts have (3) _ to Mars. Ive (4) _ thought about that before and I think its very interesting.justreadbeen never I havent (5) _ anyone famous in my life but I hope one day I can meet an astronaut. Ive (6) _ to a Chinese astronaut for more information about space and his experience of space travel. I hope he will write back. He hasnt (7) _. Maybe he is too busy. Im still waiting. Best wishes, Liu Danmetwrittenyet Listen and complete the notes. 1. The astronaut joined CNSA _ years ago. 2. He has flown in a spaceship _ times. 3. He felt _ when he was in the spaceship.six two excited4.