THE ATTRIBUTIVECLAUSE定语 The attribute1. Bob is a bad man.2.The students in the reading- room are our classmates. 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做 定语从句。 引导定语从句的关系词有：定语从句 Attributive Clauses关系代词：who, whomwhose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之 后。 eg.This is the car which he bought last year.先行词定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从 句定语从句可分为：1)限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与它的先行词 之间在语义上有着不可分割的联 系，如果去掉定语从句就会使主 句意思不明确。 eg. The boy who is playing on the grass is her brother.eg. A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.2)非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句与主句的关系 不是很密切,它仅对先行词作一些附 加说明，如果去掉，并不影响先行 词所指的意义,主句的意思仍然清楚 。eg. Marrys brother, who is an engineer,works in my factory.eg. They will fly to Kungming, where theyplan to stay for two days.在限制性定语从句中关系代词的用 法： 1) who/that 指人，在从句中作主语。He is the man who/that visited our schoolyesterday. He is the man.He visited our school yesterday.whoThe man was Marrys brother.He called this morning.The man who /that called this morning was Marrys brother.whoDo you know the man?He spoke just now.Do you know the man who/that spoke just now?We talked about the persons.We visited them last year.We talked about the persons (whom) we visited last year.2) whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略。(who和 that 也可做宾语.)whomwhom we visited last year.The girl is from America.I called her just now.The girl (whom)I called just now is from America.whomwhom I called just now.3)which/that 指物，在句中作主 语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略 。eg. Im not interested in the book which /that has just been published.eg. I dont want to read the letter (which/that) she has written.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news.I have read the newspaper which/that carries the important news.I showed him the letter.I received it this morning.I showed him the letter (which/that) I received this morning.* 先行词前有下列词语修饰时, 定语 从句必须用 that 引导。all, every, any, little, few, much, the only, the very ; the + 序数词; the + 形容词最高级eg. This is the cleanest park that you can imagine. eg. This is the only book that has been written in French.eg. He talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city.* 在 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。that eg. Who is the man is standing over there.that*当先行词由人和物两部分组成时，限制性定 语从句必须用 that 引导。先行词在主句和从句中都作表语时, 限制性定语从句通常用 that 引导。 (常可省略) eg. She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the country.5) whose 指人或物，表示所属，在 从 句中作定语。eg. Thats the man whose house wasburned down.eg. I saw some old buildings whose windowswere all broken.The girl got first.Her father had given us a report.The girl whose father had given us a report got first.whoseThat is the machine.The parts of it are too small to see. Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see. 或者：Thats the machine of which the parts are too small to see.6.在非限制性定语从句 中关系代词的用 法：在非限制性定语从句中，通常用who, whom, whose 指人，用 which 指物 , 而 绝对不能用 that .eg. Then he met Mary, who invited him to a party.eg. Here is John Smith, who(m) I talked about the other day.Last year she bought this car, which cost her$10,000 .Last year she bought this house, for which she paid her life savings. I congratulated Mr Jones, whose son had won the high jump.在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语不能省略。 *eg. My sister, whom you spoke to at the meeting, wants to study history.* which 在非限制性定语从句中，还 可指其前面整个主句，即以整个主句 作先行词。eg. They said they were French, which was not true.先行词在从句中做介词宾语，介词有 两种位置一是紧跟在先行词后,也就是 这个介词加whom /which,再加从句 ；二是位于句尾或动词后。Prep.+whom which7.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Prep.+which= when /where /whyThe people with whom we are staying are very friendly to us.或：The people (whom/who/that) we are staying with are very friendly to us.This is the house.A famous writer once lived in it.This is the house in which a famous writer once lived .或: This is the house (which / that) a famous writer once lived in .或: This is the house where a famous writer once lived .I will never forget the day.I joined the League on the day.I will never forget the day on which I joined the League.或: I will never forget the day (which / that) I joined the League on .或: I wil never forget the day when I joined the League .The lady lost her purse.Mr Smith is talking to her.The lady to whom Mr Smith is talking lost her purse.The lady (that/ who/whom )Mr Smith is talking to lost her purse. Bob found the dictionary.I had been looking for it.Bob found the dictionary (that/which) I had been looking for.*如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配 的动词短语，介词不可前置。9. as 引导的定语从句：As 引导的定语从句, 通常与 such,the same , as连 用。This is such an insect as we have seldom seen. I have the same trouble as you (have).*as 引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个 主句，它引导的从句不仅可以置于主句 之后，也可置于主句之前或主句之中。 As the teacher told us, the earth goes round the sun.He didnt come to the party, as we expected.3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that , which or whose： 1. The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We dont know the number of people _ lo