Unit 1 The written wordGrammarGrammar and usageNegative statements Unit One The written wordStep 1 Lead-inBeijing University is not one of the best universities in China.Is it a true statement? The statement is untrue.negative statement The most commonly used negative words are:no, not, never and neitherStep 2 self-thinkingStep 3Read the guidelines on page 8When are the negative statements often used?Negative statements are often used to correct a mistaken idea.conclude the form (s) of negative statementStep 4 Group Discussionexamples structures conclusionsFor exampletypesPart 1examples1.I do not think so.2.I have never seen the film.3.I do not like either of the films. 4.The problems remained unsettled.1).助动词+not 2).全否定词+肯定谓 语部分全体否定全体否定是百分之百 地否认一个事物的存 在、成立或真实性。 表示全体否定的否定 词有:no, not, nothing, nobody, none, nowhere, never, neither, nor, not.nearly, not.half, 以及not.possible 等.structuresconclusions3).not+any/anyone/a nybody/anything/ anywhere/either4). 带否定词缀的词typesPart 21.It is not uncommon to find her reading the newspaper. =It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.2.Unless you read the novel yourself, you will never know what happens at the end.）把否定词not放在带 有否定前缀的单词前面 ：这类双重否定形式， 是一种委婉说法，削弱 了句子意义，语气通常 比单纯的肯定句弱。 2)用否定跟含否定意义的 连接unless, until, but 等词连用，构成双重否定 ，用来表示强烈的肯定。双重否定 双重否定是指 两个否定成分 限定同一个词 或词素；或是 一个否定词否 定另一个否定 词，取得肯定 意义的表达形 式。否定之否 定成为肯定， 这是合乎逻辑 的。examples structurestypes conclusionsPart 31.Not many people heard the speech =Very few people heard the speech. 2.Not all he said was to the point. 3.I cant see everybody.1.not+many/much/very much/some/a phrase of time, distance or a noun phrase including quantities.2.not+all/both/each/every body/everything部分否定含有总括含义 的词,用于否定 句时,只否定一 部分，而不是 完全否定.如all, everybody everything, always, both, wholly 等词与 not连用时,在汉 语中译为 “不全是” “不总是”等.4.I dont wholly agree with you.3.以一般否定句的形式 出现，即把否定主语的 not与谓语动词放在一 起。examples structurestypes conclusionsPart 41.I wonder whether/if I shouldnt bring an umbrella. =I wonder whether/if I should bring an umbrella.2.I wouldnt be surprised if they didnt move soon. =.I wouldnt be surprised if they moved soon主句+ whether /if引导 的否定 陈述将否定词和whether /if连用,来表达对于某 种情况的疑虑, 常用 于口语中. I wonder whether/if 一般用于表达个人的 决定 I wouldnt be surprised if 一般不用于表达个人 的决定if从句 中的 附加 否定examples structures types conclusionsPart 51.Pip can hardly wait tobegin his new life. 2.The classis are far from disappearing.3.Pips sister seldom has a kind word to say4Unless you read the novel yourself, you will never know what happens at the end.含有否定意义的词汇与结构 1.动词及短语动词：fail (+to do.), miss, ignoreprevent/keep/ protect from等2.名词:absence, failure, refusal等 3.形容词:few, little, free (from), far from等 4.副词:hardly, seldom等 5.介词： above, beneath, below, out (of) 等 6.连词：unless, before, or 等 7.结构:tooto 太(以致于)不 ratherthan “宁愿而不” 等隐性否定隐性否定是 一种有意无 形的含蓄否 定,常用含 否定词的单 词,词组,句 型等来表示 否定意义. 这种否定意 义用法隐藏 在句子的深 层含义中.5.The fortune sets him free from financial worries. 6.Joe would rather die than see any harm come to pip.examples structurestypesconclusionsStep 5 Do Part A on page 9Answers: 1. experiences an abnormal childhood without any parents.(line 4) 2. with other children who also have no parents. .(line 5) 3. ,where he has to work very hard and hardly has time to relax .(line 6) 4.Oliver does not like anything about the workhouse. .(line 7) 5.He is treated very badly and seldom has enough food or water. .(line 8)6.Fagin is not a good and (line 11)7.Oliver does not know anything and (line 12)8.He does not want to steal from anyone, but (line 13)9.Mr Barnlow is a man without any of Fagins vices. (line 18)10.Unless Oliver can ,he will never be (line24- 25)11.He will have only misfortune, not a real (line 26)Step 6 Finish Part B on page 9Answers: 1.surprised if, didnt 2.not uncommon 3.Not many 4.wonder whether/if, shouldntHomeworkDo Part C1 andC2 on page 102 of the workbookThank you ! Bye Thank you ! Bye ! !