句子的构成句子的构成句子成分 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 主 语 谓 语 定 语 宾 语 同 位 语 状 语主语 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.谓语 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. 表语 在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,see m, feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,becom e, get,grow,come,go etc. 系动词不用于被动语态. The apple tastes sweet.1. The war was over.2. They seem to know the truth.3. Time is precious.4. Im not quite myself today.5. Who was the first?6. He is out of condition.7. The book is what I need.宾语 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物,间接宾语指人. He gave me some books. 间接 宾语 直接 宾语.please pass me the book. .He bought me some flowers.I like my job. I love you.He wanted to leave here. They enjoyed playing computer games.宾语补足语 I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret.主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补.I last saw him playing near the river. He was last seen playing near the river.Theteacher caught the student cheating in the exam The student was caught cheating in the exam We made him monitor. He was made monitor. He pushed the door open. The door was pushed open.定语 He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel work. There are 54students in our class. Do you known bettys sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a friend on my way home.(形容词) (名词) (数词) (名词的所有格) (动名词) (现在分词)(过去分词) (副词)The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.状语 用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或 句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方 式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等. I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train. I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.基本句型 主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 He went. He went there. He went there yesterday. He went there to see his mother yesterday. He went there to see his mother ill in hospitalby bike yesterday.Exercises:分析句子结构 You are a student. He felt happy today. What you said made me happy. Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well? After he finished his homework, he went away. He likes pop music. I stayed awake until 11:30 one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. Anne named her diary kitty because she thought it was her best friend.