课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 研读材料，完成下列内容：一、重点单词熟记 1_/jusId/n.使用，用法；词语惯用法2_/kmnd/n. & vt.命令，指挥，掌握3_/rIkwest/n.& vt.请求，要求Section Learning about Language usage command request 课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 二、重点短语探究1代替，而不是_2和不同_3往下看_4关上_5hold on_6make sense_instead of be different from look down turn off 等一下，别别挂断 讲讲得通，有意义义 课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 三、教材佳句背诵1It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English _ fluently _ a native English speaker.对于一个中国人，把英语说得像英国本国的人一样流利不容易。2_ we know，British English is a little different from American English.众所周知，英式英语与美式英语不同。as as As 课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 1command(1)n. 命令，控制，掌握，指挥权He gives his commands in a loud voice.他大声发出命令。Jimmy has a hundred men under his command.吉米指挥一百个人。Youd better read and write more to have a good command of English.要掌握好英语就要多读多写。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 【归纳拓展】under the command ofunder ones command由指挥/控制be in command of控制be at ones command听任某人支配take command of控制have a (good) command of.了解/掌握课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 (2)vt.命令，指挥，支配The general commanded his soldiers to fire.将军命令他的士兵们开火。The pirate chief commanded that the prisoners (should) be shot.海盗首领下令将俘虏枪杀。注意：command后可接that从句，从句中的谓语动词用should动词原形，should可省略。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 【即境活用】用适当的介词填空For the first time in years, I felt _command of her life.The army is _the generals command.The police arrived and took command _the situation.The money is _his command, which he can spend on anything he likes.in under of at 课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 2request n&vt.请求；要求【搭配】(1)at sbs requestat the request of sb应某人之请求by request(of sb)应(某人的)请求；经(某人的)要求make a request for sth要求得到make a request that从句 做出请求(2)request sth from/of sb向某人要求某物request sb to do sth要求某人做某事requestthat从句 从句中谓语用(should)do课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 He came to attend the party by request.他应邀来参加宴会。The little boy requested a toy from/of his mother.小男孩向妈妈要玩具。request sb not to do sth通常用被动语态，即：be requested not to do sthTheyve made an urgent request for an international aid/that the international aid should be offered.他们紧急请求国际援助。You are requested not to smoke in the public places.公共场所不准吸烟。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 点津：request后面跟宾语从句、同位语从句时，从句谓语用shoulddo，should可省，即为虚拟语气。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 【即境活用】句型转换I attended their wedding by request.I attended their wedding _.The workers made a request for a pay raise.The workers made a request that _.The workers requested that _.at their request their pay should be raised their pay should be raised 课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 3As we know, British English is a little different from American English.众所周知，英式英语与美式英语有所不同。【句式分析】该句中as引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中充当know的宾语，as指代整个主句的内容。as引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词往往是整个主句，常译为“正像一样，正如一样。”课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 常见的表达方式有：as is well known众所周知；as often happens这种情况经常发生；as is often the case情况常常这样；as is supposed如所预料的；as has been pointed out如所指出的；as has been said before如前所述；as we all know众所周知；as I can remember 正如我所记得的；as we expect 正如我们所预料的那样。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 As we have pointed out, few people are total winners or losers.正如我们已指出的，很少有人是完全的胜者或完全的败者。(as作pointed out的宾语，指代后面整个句子的内容)As is known to all, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。(as作is known to all的主语，指代后面整个句子)课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 【即境活用】_I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.AWhen BAfter CAs DSinceC 课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 语法导图课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 知能精解一、祈使句变间接引语直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要变为 ask/tell/order sb(not) to do sth的句式。人称、时间状语、地点状语按要求作相应变化。“Please dont disturb me，” he said to the boy.He asked the boy not to disturb him.“Stay here until tomorrow，” said my grandma.My grandma told me to stay there until the following day.学法点拨：去掉引号要加to；ask，order须记住；替换said要考虑；去掉please莫迟疑；直引若是否定式，not加在to前来显示。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 误区警示：有些表建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变为间接引语时，可以用suggest，insist，offer等动词加以转述，此时要注意这些词的固定搭配。He said，“Lets go to the museum.”He suggested that we(should)go to the museum.The doctor said to him，“Dont drink too much.”The doctor suggested that he should not drink too much.课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 当祈使句作直接引语表示请求时，变间接引语常采用 request/beg/ask sb to do sth的形式。若原句中没有称呼语，通常可加上me，him，us等。The teacher said，“Will you please not smoke here？”The teacher requested us not to smoke there.“Could you help me with my homework？” she said.She asked me to help her with her homework.One of the doctors said，“Let me go on with the operation，Dr. Bethune.”One of the doctors begged Dr. Bethune to let him go on with the operation.课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 考法提示：对祈使句变间接引语的考查，实际上是考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。其中动词不定式的否定形式、主动形式、被动形式也是考查的切入点。课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 二、直接引语变间接引语时时态不变的7种情况1当直接引语阐述的是一成不变的科学真理、客观事实、格言时，变为间接引语时其时态不变。Our geography teacher said to us，“The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”Our geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.课前自主导学考点难点易混点语法考点导航 2当直接引语中阐述的是过去的客观事实，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Our history teacher taught us，“The