现在完成时：havehas done表示此刻以前发生的动作或情 况延续到现在或其结果对现在有影 响。（可能是多次动作的总和，也 可表示状态和习惯性的动作）。 Eg.a）We are good listeners in our own language because we have had years of practice.b）I have known XiaoLi since she was a little girl.两个句型特别注意： 1）It is the firstsecond time that结构中的从句 部分，用现在完成时。 Eg. a) It is the first time that I have visited this city.b) It was the third time that the boy had been late. 2）this is the that结构，that从句要用现在完成 时。 Eg. a) This is the best film that I have seen.b) This is the first time that Ive heard him sing. 过去完成时：had done主要表示过去某一时刻前已发 生的动作或情况（即过去的过去 ）。Eg. a) When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.b) In the evening when her husband came home, the woman told him what had happened.将来完成时will have done表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作，但 有时也表示一种猜测。 Eg. a) They will have been married for 20 years by then.b) you will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 现在完成进行时：havehas been doing主要表示此刻以前这一段时间里一 直在进行的一个动作。这个动作可能仍 在进行，可能还会持续下去，也可以表 示此刻以前这段时期反复发生的事情。 Eg.a) What book have you been reading recently?b)She has been studying English for 8 years.c)James has been teaching at that college since June.过去完成进行时：had been doing主要表示过去某时以前一直在进 行的一个动作。 Eg.a) I had been waiting there for two hours before she finally arrived.b)James had been teaching at that college for more than a year before he left for Asia.