Unit 4 Films and film eventsGrammar and usage（强调句）强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自 己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式1. 用助动词“do（doesdid）动词 原形”来表示强调： He does know the place well他的确很熟悉这个地方。Do write to me when you get there你到那儿后务必给我来信。 2. 用形容词very，only，single，such等修 饰名词或形容词来加强语气： 1. Thats the very textbook we used last term. 这正是我们上学期用过的教材。 2. You are the only person here who can speak Chinese. 你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。 3. Not a single person has been in the shop this morning. 今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。 4. How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？ 3. 用ever，never，very，just等副词进行 强调： 1. Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？ 2. He never said a word the whole day一整天，他一句话也没说。 3. Youve got to be very, very careful你一定得非常、非常小心。 4. This is just what I wanted这正是我所要的。 4. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介词 短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句 ）： Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？ What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？ Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？ 5. 用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说 话人的情感： How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！ Oh, what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！ 6. 用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被 强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气： On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点) Many a time have I climbed that hill我多次翻过那座山。 Only in this way, can we solve this problem只有这样, 我们才能解决这个问题。7. It is / was that / who用来强调一个句 子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。I bought this car in that shop last month. (原始句) 1. It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语) 2. It was this car that I bought in that shop last month. (强调宾语) 3. It was in that shop that I bought this car last month. (强调地点状语) 4. It was last month that I bought this car in that shop. (强调时间状语)It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who)+ 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语、 表语和状语。一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that / who 之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如 果把“It is (was).that ”去掉，该句应该 意思完整，不缺任何句子成分：1.Is it _ who wants to see you? A. him B. he C. his D. himself2.It was _ who respected all their teachers. A. them B. their C. they D. themselves3.- What is Mary ? - Was it _that you were referred to ? A. he B. she C. her D. they强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择 它的主格或宾格形式 1.It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago . A. was B. are C. were D. had been2.It _ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag. A. must have B. will be C. might have been D. may have had注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性 要注意主谓一致性。例如：Its we who are to answer for it.Its I, not my parents, that am waiting for the bus.二、强调部分为疑问词时： 1._ electricity plays an important part in our daily life ?A. Why was it that B. Why is it thatC. Why is it D. Why it is thatA.强调时间、地点状语时不得用when和where取代that， 也应避免使用which。B.被强调的是疑问句，改为强调句后仍用疑问句结构。 例：What do you want me to do?What is it that you want me to do?2.Who was it _ wanted to see me just now ?A. that B. who C. when D. when3._ you met the foreigner from Canada ? A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that 强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构 与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：“疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 三、被强调的如果是not until; because； only after等状语从句时，习惯上用 “It is/was not until that”; “It is (was) because that”, “It was only after that”结构。例如：1.It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. (1995NMET)A. while B. which C. that D. since2.It was not until late in the evening _ her husband arrived home . A. which B. when C. that D. how3.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began. A. which B. when C. that D. since4.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _I realized she was a famous film star.A. when ; that B. until ; that C. until ; when D. when ; then注意 “ not . until “ 句型的变化。比较下列 三个句子：She didnt remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home. It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.四、强调部分为介词短语： 1.It was through Jack _ Mary got to know Bob . A. who B. whom C. how D. that2.It was on October 1st 1949 _ new China was founded . A. which B. when C. as D. that1.Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died ? A. that B. in which C. in where D. which2.It was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class . A. that B. which C. where D. why强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时 ，应注意与定语从句的区别 体验新课改1.It was _he said_disappointed me. A.whatthat B. thatthat C. Whatwhat D. thatwhat2.It_Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterday. A.was B. were C. are D. had been 3.It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dhow4.It is because he is too young _he does not understand it. A.as