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Unit 10拓展模块high 与 highly 的用法区别l 1. high 用作副词,通常表示具体的高,主要修饰动词。 如:lHe climbed high. 他爬得很高。lI cant jump any higher. 再高些我跳不了啦。l注:有时用于比喻义。如:lHe never got very high in the company. 他在公司里 所担任的职务从来就不是很高。l注意以下用于比喻义的常见固定搭配:lpay high 付出高价 llive high 过富裕生活laim high 目标高 lstand high in sbs favour 为某人所赏识l2. highly 主要表示很高的程度,除修饰动词(如 speak, praise, think of等)外,还通常用于修饰 分词或形容词(尤其是那些由动词派生而来的形容 词, 有时相当于 very 或 much)。如:lHe speaks very highly of you. 他十分赞赏你。lIts a highly amusing film. 那是部很有趣的电影 。lThe people were highly pleased. 人们都很高 兴。lHis report is highly scientific. 他的报告是很科 学的。lShe is a highly educated woman. 她是受过高 等教育的女人。l3. 在用连字符构成的复合形容词中,通常用 high。如:lhigh-grade 优质的 lhigh-rise 高层的,高耸的lhigh-priced 高价的 lhigh-ranking 级别高的l比较(是复合形容词和非复合形容词,注意词尾 - ly 以及连字符的有无):lHe is a high-priced lawyer. 他是个收费很高的律 师。lThe goods on display are all very highly priced. 展出的物品都非常昂贵。l类似的这类词主要有wide,widely;close, closely ;high,highly等 等,l这类词含义及用法上的主要特点是: l不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作,说明 的动作或状况有可测 量性和可见性; l而 以-ly结尾的同源副词所表达的常常是抽 象性的行为和状况。 l “设法完成” “经过努力最后终于完成”lmanage to do sth .ltry to do sth. lEg:He (escape) from the fire , but was badly burnt . 他设法从大火中逃出来, 但还是被烧成重伤。lHe (escape) from the fire and finally succeeded . 他设法从大火中逃出 来,终于成功了。tried to escapemanaged to escape“即使,尽管” leven though = even if lTheyll stand by you even though you dont succeed .l即使你不成功,他们也会支持你的。endurel后跟名词、不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语。lEg:I cant endure (that woman) . l我对那个女人忍无可忍。lI cant endure to see/seeing children suffer . l看着儿童受苦,我可受不了。lShe couldnt endure to hear/hearing about it . l听到这事,她难以忍受。lThe Indians endured (much pain) . l印第安人忍受了很多痛苦。remainl 停留 与stay同义,可以换用l 作连系动词, “继续保持,仍然处于某种 状态” lEg:Please remain here till I return .l 请呆到我回来。lIf you dont eat youll just have to remain hungry . l如果你不吃东西,你就得继续挨饿。“适应(新环境等)”ladapt tolHe has not yet the climate . 他还不适应这种气候。lOur eyes slowly the dark . 我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环 境。l她很快地适应了新的气候。lShe adapted quickly to the new climate . adapted toadapted toskinned adj. “有某种皮肤的”l Tom is a dark skinned person .l 汤姆是一个黑皮肤的人。“暴露” exposure un.lexposure tolEg:Her skin was dry after the wind . l风吹后,她的皮肤干燥了。 exposure tovary lV. 有差异,会变化lvarious lPeople vary much in their ideas .l人们在想法上差异很大。lThat sort of thing varies from person to person .l那种事情因人而异。同位语从句l这种差别可以用这样的事实解释:个子大 的人的皮肤与其体重相比较要比个子小的 的人少一些。lThis different might be explained by the fact that big people have less skin compared to weight than do small people.l句中由that引导的从句,说明前面名词fact 的内容,是同位语从句。同位语从句l在英语的某些名词,如:fact,hope,belief, doubt,idea,news,possibility,thought 等后面,有时可见到that引导的同位语从句。lEg:The text tells us a fact that smoking does great harm to peoples health . l这篇课文告诉我们一个事实:吸烟有害于人体健 康。lI had no idea that he had already gone abroad . l我不知道他已经出国了。“与有关的”lrelative tolHe said nothing his plans about returning . l他没说什么与他返回的计划有关的。lWe didnt know the facts the problem . l我们不知道与这个问题有关的事实。relative torelative to将某人/某物限制在一定范围内lconfine sb./sth. to sth. lI wish the speaker would himselfl the subject . l我希望演讲者不要离题。lJohn was bed for a week with his cold. l约翰感冒卧床一周了。toconfineconfined to“所谓的”lso-calledlWhere are your friends now ?l你那些所谓的朋友,现在都在哪儿了?so-calledIt is true that l这是一个由形式主语it引导的句子,其句型 结构为It is + adj. + that-clause,真正的主 语是后面的that从句。l用于该结构的形容词有:possible, impossible,necessary,important等等。lEg:It is possible that it will snow tomorrow .l明天有可能下雪。“过着的生活”live a lifellive a happy lifellive a hard life llive a better life llive a miserable lifel过着幸福的生活l过着艰苦的生活l过着较好的生活 l过着悲惨的生活“承认是”“认出是”lrecognize aslEg:They will him one of the best singers . l他们承认他是最好的歌手之一。lHe is an excllent student . l人们承认他是一个优秀的学生。recognizeasrecognized asevery + 基数词+复数名词 “每的”lEg:Take the medicine 。l 每四小时吃一次药。lThey usually come home 。 l 他们通常每两周回家一次。every four hoursevery two weeksnotuntil“直到时候,才”lI didnt feel happy not 【until I saw her the next morning 】直到第二天早晨见到她我才感到 高兴。lIt is/was not untilthat是 not until用 于强调句型的结构。lIt was not until I saw her the next morning that I felt happy . l一直到你回来我才离开。 lIt is not until you come back that I will leave . “与联系到一起”“与相配合”lbe associated withlEg:I didnt want to it at all . l我根本不想与这事有联系。lIn the childrens minds summer 。picnics . l在孩子们的心中,夏天是和野餐联系在一起的。lI wished to forget everything 。 him . l我希望忘掉一切与他有关的事情。be associated withis associated withassociated withConcern 使担心,使关注 v.lShe is always concerning herself about other peoples business .l她总是关心别人的事情。lA good doctor should concern himself with your health .l一个好医生是应该关注你的健康的。lBe concerned about/withl请不要为我担心。lPlease dont be concerned a
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