Chapter Four Types of Essay WritingPart Two Essay WritingI. Expository EssayII. Comparison and ContrastIII. DescriptionIV. ArgumentV. Abstract An essay is a piece of writing several paragraphs long instead of just one or two paragraphs. It is written about one topic, just as a paragraph is. However, the topic of an essay is too complex to discuss in one paragraph. Therefore, you must divide the topic into several paragraphs, one for each major point. Then you must tie all of the separate paragraphs together by adding an introduction and a conclusion.I. Expository EssayThe most common type of essay writing is expository essay or exposition. The purpose of this writing is to inform or explain. he writer appeals to the readers understanding with provable facts and well- based information, and explains the material so that the reader will accept his point of view. Exposition is used to explain anything difficult to understand, for example, the explanation of a natural law, a scientific discovery, an invention, or a solution to a problem.I. Expository EssayAn expository essay has three main parts:(1) An introductory paragraph(2) A body (at least one, but usually two or more paragraphs)(3) A concluding paragraphI. Expository EssayThe introductory paragraph consists of two parts: a few general statements about your subject to attract your readers attention and a thesis statement to state the specific subdivisions of your topic and/or the “plan” of your paper. A thesis statement for an essay is just like a topic sentence for a paragraph: It names the specific topic and the controlling ideas or major subdivisions of the topic.I. Expository EssayThe body consists of one or more paragraphs. Each paragraph develops a subdivision of your topic, so the number of paragraphs in the body will vary with the number of subdivisions or subtopics. The body is the longest part of the essay and can contain as many paragraphs as necessary to support the controlling ideas of your thesis statement. You can organize the paragraphs in an essay just as you organize the ideas in a paragraph, by chronological order, logical division of ideas, comparison and contrast, etc.I. Expository EssayThe conclusion in an essay, like the concluding sentence in a paragraph, is a summary or review of the main points discussed in the body.I. Expository EssayThe only additional element in an essay is the linking expressions between the paragraphs of the body. These are just like transitions within a paragraph. You use transitions within a paragraph to connect the ideas between two sentences. Similarly, you use transitions between paragraphs to connect the ideas between them.I. Expository EssayParagraphEssayI. Expository EssayTopic Sentence A. Support B. Support C. Support Concluding SentenceI. IntroductionII. BodyIII. ConclusionGeneral Statement Thesis StatementA. Topic Sentence 1. SupportB. Topic Sentence 1. SupportC. Topic Sentence 1. SupportRestatement or summary; final comment 1. The introductory paragraphAll writers (even professionals) complain that the most difficult part of writing is getting started. Getting started, or writing an introductory paragraph, can be easy if you remember that an introduction has four purposes: * It introduces the topic of the essay* It gives a general background of the topic* It often indicates the overall “plan” of the essay* It should arouse the readers interest in the topicI. Expository EssayThe introduction has two parts: General Statements A Thesis StatementI. Expository EssayNotice the two parts of the introductory paragraph in the following model. Any person who has lived in the twentieth century has seen a lot of changes take place in almost all areas of human existence. Some people are excited by the challenges that these changes offer; others want to return to the simpler life-style of the past. The twentieth century has certain advantages such as higher standard of living for many, but it also has some disadvantages such as a polluted environment, the depersonalization of human relationships, and the weakening of spiritual values.I. Expository Essay1-1 General StatementThe first sentence in an introductory paragraph should be a very general statement about the subject. Its purpose is to attract the readers attention and to give background information on the topic. Each subsequent sentence should become more specific than the previous one and finally lead into the thesis statement. Introduce the topic of the essay Give background information on the topicI. Expository Essay1-2 Thesis StatementThe thesis statement is the most important sentence in the introduction. It states the specific topic and often lists the major subtopics that will be discussed in the body of the essay. Furthermore, it may indicate the method of organization such a chronological order or order of importance. I. Expository Essay1.States the main topic 2.Often lists the subdivisions of the topic or subtopics3.May