2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic, All rights reserved.1Trunk and VTP深圳职业技术学院计算机系网络专业 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.2教学目标（ Objectives ）1. Trunk 概念（Trunking Concepts）2. Trunk 操作（Trunking Operation）3. VTP模式（VTP Modes）4. VTP怎样工作（How VTP Works） 5. 配置VTP（ Configuring and Verifying VTP ）6. 配置和验证Trunk（Configuring and Verifying Trunk） 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.3Trunk的历史（History of Trunking） 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.4Trunk 概念（Trunking Concepts） 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.5Trunk 概念（Trunking Concepts）1.Trunk是两个交换机之间网络信息传递的物理和逻辑的连接 A trunk is a physical and logical connection between two switches across which network traffic travels. 2.一个Trunk就是支持传递多个VLAN信息的点到点的链路 A trunk is a point-to-point link that supports several VLANs. 3.Trunk的目的是保留端口。 The purpose of a trunk is to conserve ports. 4.Trunk将在一个物理链路上绑定多个虚链路，从而在两台交换 机之间允许在单一物理链路上传输多个VLAN的信息Trunking will bundle multiple virtual links over one physical link by allowing the traffic for several VLANs to travel over a single cable between the switches. 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.6Trunk 操作（Trunking Operation）1.Trunk机制有两种，帧过滤和帧标记，帧标记被IEEE标准化 Currently two types of trunking mechanisms exist, frame filtering and frame tagging. Frame tagging has been adopted as the standard trunking mechanism by IEEE. 2.帧标记在帧中插入标识符，这样可以更容易管理 Trunking protocols that use a frame tagging mechanism assign an identifier to the frames to make their management easier. 3.在以太网中，帧标记有两种方案 Tagging schemes for Ethernet segments : ISL Cisco私有（Cisco proprietary Inter-Switch Link protocol） 802.1Q IEEE标准（IEEE standard ） 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.7VLANs and TrunkingTrunk 提供了在一个网络内的交换机之间高效的通信 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.8VLAN Trunk 协议 （VLAN Trunking Protocol ） 1.VTP是一个通告VLAN信息的信息系统 A messaging system that advertises VLAN configuration information 2.VTP维护整个管理域VLAN信息的一致性 Maintains VLAN configuration consistency throughout a common administrative domain 3.VTP仅在Trunk端口上发送通告 VTP sends advertisements on trunk ports only1.有新VLAN加入（“new vlan added”）3.同步到最新的VLAN信息（Sync to the latest vlan information）2VTP Domain “szpt” 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.9VTP模式（VTP Modes）ServerClientTransparent 转发通告（Forwards advertisements） 同步（Synchronize） 不包存（Not saved in NVRAM） 创建（Create vlans） 修改（Modify vlans） 删除（Delete vlans） 发送或转发通告（ Sends/forwards advertisements） 同步（Synchronize） 保存（Saved in NVRAM）创建（Create vlans） 修改（Modify vlans） 删除（Delete vlans） 转发通告（forwards advertisements） 不同步（does not Synchronize） 保存（Saved in NVRAM） 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.10VTP怎样工作（How VTP Works）VTP通告以组播帧发送 VTP advertisements are sent as multicast frames VTPserver和client同步到最新的配置版本号 VTP servers and clients synchronized to latest revision number VTP通告在变化时，或者每5分钟发送 VTP advertisement are sent every five minutes or when there is a change 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.11VTP怎样工作（How VTP Works）1.Add new VLAN 2.Rev 3 Rev 4 ServerClientClient4.Rev 3 Rev 4 5.Sync new vlan info 334.Rev 3 Rev 4 5.Sync new vlan info VTP通告以组播帧发送 VTP advertisements are sent as multicast frames VTPserver和client同步到最新的配置版本号 VTP servers and clients synchronized to latest revision number VTP通告在变化时，或者每5分钟发送 VTP advertisement are sent every five minutes or when there is a change 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.12 配置Trunk接口 （Enable trunking ） 配置VTP域名 （VTP domain name ） 指定VTP模式 （VTP mode (server/client/transparent)VTP server mode is the default） VTP密码（VTP password）配置VTP（VTP Configuration） 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.13创建VTP域（Creating a VTP Domain）sw1#vlan database sw1(vlan)#vtp domain cisco VTP domain cisco modified sw1(vlan)#vtp server sw1(vlan)#vtp password cisco sw1(vlan)#exit APPLY completed. 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.14验证VTP配置（Verifying VTP Configurations）Sw1#show vtp status 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.15定义Trunk（Defining a Trunk）sw2(config)#int f0/12 sw2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk sw2(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.16验证Trunk（Verifying a Trunk）sw2#show interfaces trunk Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan Fa0/12 on 802.1q trunking 1 Port Vlans allowed on trunk Fa0/12 1-4094 Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain Fa0/12 2,3 Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned Fa0/12 2,3 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic. All rights reserved.17思考题（Questions）1. Trunk有怎样的特征？2. 使用Trunk有什么好处？3. Trunk有哪两种机制？4. 帧标记有哪两种方案？5. 什么是VTP？6. VTP有几种模式？每种模式的特征是什么？7. VTP是怎样工作的? 2006, Shenzhen Polytechnic, All rights reserved.18璡鼕缍鲐捡溌栋抭暬蹍锶藑黤催猙 感蛶唇俎绌莬服杖壁囪儹嗾匕蘫爙 褍驵卆簓鍦梜鉔蔦畨趪蒱鋎想偆蘑 课釞煨囨鄦鞍蛸娗玱鳇週姌袇衹拪 鱛卪祷珥聑眺憯矸嵥锻夗唫髿焸憺 蓳覑蛁野佒肻睗嵆酥迎毉能褣襄乹 謷猖瑋悚鷷棈潮鵋曬騪嘂芻杋哓滨 蟱煇倕鞈皇畴陿砛昁澣涙澬蓩栬趖 壿匛覘匞齩綘嗐煵褸垾糘麸橎茺僫