状语时用来修饰 词， 词， 词或的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点 、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等 。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：动形容副句子状语从句1. 时间状语从句 2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 结果状语从句8. 方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句引导词可分为两部分aswhilewhenbeforeafteruntil (till)sinceas soon asevery time next time the first/secondtime The day/minute/moment/ instant/ instantly immediately directly no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/barelywhenas引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“当时”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。 1. 表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 2. 表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 3. 表示两个动作同时发生，译为“一边一边” 。The students took notes as they listened. 4. 表示“随着”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或 一种状态随另一种状态变化。 As she grew older, she became more beautiful. As time goes on/by, the impression she left on me became blurred.1. as, while , when的区别while:常和延续性动词连用，侧重主从 句动作同时发生。* I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym. * I like listening to music while I am doing my homework. * Im going to the post office.While you are there, can you get somestamps for me?Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_) While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ ) While there is life there is hope. (while = _ ) He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. (while=_)whenalthoughas long asWhile 在句中的不同含义:whereaswhen: 持续性非持续性动词都可，主从 句动作可同时或先后发生。 当时这时e.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her.-When did you get home?-It was eight oclock when I got home.1)They were walking down the street when they sawan accident. 2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.before, after引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之前”，表示 主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。视句意有时可译作“ 还没来得及就”，“趁还没有就”，“到时才”。 We clean the classroom before we leave school every day. It will not be long before you regret for what youve done. after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about.since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。 We havent seen each other since we parted. 常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句“自从有多长时间了 ”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. until/ till引导的时间状语从句 until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到时”，当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式 。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。 Ill stay here until you come back. 当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时, 主句常用否定形式 。not until“直到才” 注意：not until放在句首， 主句要部分倒装。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. 例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。Not until he finished his homework, did he go to bed.as soon as引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。 例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。 I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back. 相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives. I went home directly I had finished work. 名词短语引导的时间状语从句 the moment, the minute, the instant, the time, the hour, the day, by the time, each time, every time, next time, any time等也可以引导时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her. By the time you arrived, the lecture had already ended. By the time he comes, we will already have left.Every time I caught a cold , I had pain in my head.Be sure to call on me next time you come to visit our city. 1. When every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me. 2. At next time you come, do remember bring your son here. 3. For the first time I met the girl, I felt in love with her. 4. You are welcome to come back at any time you want to. 5. At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 语法规则：every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句其他连词引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/ barelywhen引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off. No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A. while B. afterC. in case D. the minute 2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumersA. when B. until C. before D. since 3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. since C. As D. While 4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A. why B. where C. when D. while地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever ( 在任何地方) 引导。 e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way.c. You can sit wherever you like.d. Wherever you go, Ill be right here waiting for you.1.When he reads a book, his habit is to make a ma