Unit 5 The power of nature Learning about Language,1.Review the useful expressions of the text. 2.To check up the Exx. of learning about Language. 3.To learn the using of v.-ing form.,1_ n火山 2_ vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生_n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发 3_ adv.在旁边；沿着边 prep.在旁边；沿着的边 4_vt.任命；委派_ n约定；任命 5_ vt.评估；评价；估计_ n评估,volcano,erupt,eruption,alongside,appoint,appointment,evaluate,evaluation,6_ n波浪；波涛 vi.波动；起伏；挥手 7_ adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地 8_ n一套外衣；套装；vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.合适的 9_ n潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj.可能的；潜在的 10_ adj.实在的；实际的actually adv.实际地,wave,absolute,suit,potential,actual,Part 2 Comeplete the paragraph with the words in the box in the correct forms. burn to the ground absolute volcano eruption wave fountain ash lava erupt The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79AD took the people of Pompeii by surprise.They had always known that the mountain was a _ but it had,Learning about language,volcano,been quiet for so long that nobody saw it as a threat. When the volcano finally did _,it was so quick and so severe that the town was soon covered in _and_.,erupt,ash,lava,A writer called Pliny,who was there during the _,described how lava was thrown into the air like a _. After it fell to earth, it turned into _ of lava which travelled down the mountain faster than people could run away. It was an _ disaterster for those who could not escape in time.Many of the wooden houses and the bungalows in Pompeii were _, but the stone houses remained under the ash until they were rediscovered during the 20th century.,absolute,burned to the ground,fountain,waves,eruption,Grammar,Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.,The -ing form used as an adverbial clause,Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,Having + past participle (the perfect -ing form) to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by main verb.,小结-ing 形式的用法,1. -ing 形式作状语,(= While I was walking along the street, ),(= Though he knows where I live, ),2. ing形式的完成式,3. 使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题。,分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining whyshe didnt want the children to play together. 我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词explaining是句子主语my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系,即explaining的逻辑主语就是句子的主语my wife 。),The train having gone,we had to wait another day. （the train逻辑主语 + having gone 即为独立主格结构）,特别注意,分词短语作状语时，分词短语前面可以加上连词或 介词(如but，and，though等)，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词。因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词短语和主句之间可用逗号。,例如: 误: Having been told many times，but he still couldnt understand it. 正: He was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it.或(Though )having been told many times，he still couldnt understand it.,-ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用现在分词的完成式表示先发生的动作。,例如: Opening the drawer，he took out his wallet. (=He opened the drawer and took out his wallet.) 他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。 Coming into the room，he put down his bag.(=He came into the room and put down his bag.)他走进房间，放下提包。,Having brushed his teeth，Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 布朗先生 刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。 (此句如写成:Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.可能指“边刷牙，边下楼”。),分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, never等否定词构成。例如: Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。 Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。,. 每空填一词，使该句与所给句子的意思相同 1. Because he was ill, he didnt go to school. _ _, he didnt go to school. 2. When she was walking along the street one day, she met an old friend of hers. _ _ the street one day, she met an old friend of hers.,Being ill,Walking along,3. If it is sunny, well go for a picnic tomorrow. _ _ _, well go for a picnic tomorrow. 4. After she had finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. _ _ her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. 5. Because they had been warned by the teacher, they didnt make such mistakes. _ _ _ by the teacher, they didnt make such mistakes.,It being sunny,Having finished,Having been warned,.单项填空 1. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 【解析】missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。 was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩。,2. Mr Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 【解析】此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。tired, moved, interested, excited, bored等过去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；tiring, moving, interesting, exciting, boring等现在分词叙述的是某一物或事情给予人的感受。句意为“史密斯先生对这个令人厌烦的讲话厌倦了，所以开始读起一本小说来”。,3. The government plans to bring in new laws,_ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced 4. There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating,