小学六年级英语,语法,分类,冠词 名词 代词 形容词 副词 数词,介词 Can句型 There be 句型 动词 时态,一、冠词,1、基本用法：不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。 定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那”，“这些”，“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。 第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词a或an，表示泛指。再次提到某人或某物时，用定冠词the，特指上文提到的人、事或物。如：There is a pen and a pencil in my pencil-case. The pen is red and the pencil is black.,不定冠词： a, an 定冠词： the,2、A与an 的用法区别：a用于辅音音素前（辅音音素指的是发音，不是指辅音字母），如：a university student而an则用于元音音素前（不是元音字母），如：an egg, an orange, an onion.,1) i: sea 2) i sit 3) e bed 4) ae bad 5) a: car 6) hot, want 7) : door 8) u: good 9) u look 10) cup 11) : girl 12) Saturday 13) ei cake 14) ai bike 15) u cold 16) au house 17) i boy 18) i dear 19) care 20) u tour,3、定冠词与零冠词的用法区别： 在序数词和形容词的最高级前面用the，如：The library is on the first floor. Summer is the hottest season of the year. 在乐器名词前用the, 表示演奏，如：play the piano, play the violin, play the guitar等。 在球类、三餐前通常不用冠词，如：play football, play baseball, eat lunch, eat dinner等。 在月份、星期、季节等名词的前面通常不用冠词，如：in Jan., on Monday, in summer等。,Exercise:,Gilbert is _ Italian taxi driver. 2. She is _ housewife. 3. Im _ English. 4. Hes _ American policeman. 5. He likes _ book in his shelf. 6. Robert is _ engineer. 7. He is playing _ violin. 8. He is playing _ football. 9. Sophie is on _ second floor. 10. She will come back on _ Monday.,二、名词,可数名词和不可数名词,名词复数形式的规则变化：,名词复数形式的特殊变化：1. 改变中间元音字母，如：man-men woman-women foot-feet goose-geese tooth-teeth 2. 词尾发生变化，如： child-children 3. 单、复数形式相同，如： fish-fish ，sheep-sheep ，deer-deer,名词所有格 （1）表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式，一般用s表示。一般在单数名词的词尾加s，如：Chen Jies mother. 以s结尾的复数名词只加，不以s结尾的复数名词要加s， 如：The students bags The childrens presents （2）表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人名字后加s，如果表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后加s。 如：Jim and Mikes room (共用)的房间, Jims and Mikes rooms(各自)的房间 （3）表示无生命的事物的所有格形式：名词+of+所有者，如：a picture of my room,写出下列各词的复数I _ him _ this _ her _child _ photo _ diary_ day_ foot_ book_ dress_ tooth_ sheep _ box_ peach_ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_,we,them,these,their,children,photos,feet,books,dresses,diaries,days,sheep,boxes,peaches,men,women,juice,paper,milk,water,teeth,This is _ class. (Amy 和 Mike的) They are _ classes. 女人的裙子：_ 警察的帽子：_,三、代词,人称代词,人称代词 物主代词 指示代词,He is taller than me.,Her hair is longer than mine.,my hair,形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别：,Her hair is longer than mine.,my hair,有名则形，无名则名。,如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词，就不能再用冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this, that, these, those)等修饰词了。例如： 这是他的书桌。This is his desk.,与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如：his English books他的英语书，their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。,Its a bird. Its name is Polly.,它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。,Hes a student. His mother is a teacher.,三、代词,物主代词,this/these指空间上较近的事物；that/those 指空间上较远的事物。,指示代词,Exercise:,从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom cant get down from the tree. Can you help _(he，him，his)? 5. We cant find our bikes.Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)? 6. _(This, these) are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine).,四、形容词和副词,1、形容词的比较级：A + be动词+形容词比较级+ than +B形容词比较级的变化规则： 一般在词尾加- er ，如：tall - taller , strong - stronger. 以不发音的e结尾时加-r ，如：fine - finer, late-later. 以辅音字母加-y结尾时，先改y为i再加-er，如：funny- funnier, heavy-heavier. 以重读闭音节结尾并且词末只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的字母再加-er，如：big-bigger, thin-thinner,hot- hotter,You are taller than your mother.,2. 副词可以分为： 时间副词，如:now, yesterday, today等； 频度副词，如:often, usually, never, sometimes, always等； 程度副词，如:very, too, much, so等。,Yesterday, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago, last Monday, last weekend, last night, last month, last year, just now, on my holiday, yesterday morning /afternoon/ evening/.,1. My brother is two years _(old)than me. 2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? 5. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys. 7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 6.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she) 7.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?,基数词：表示数目（多少）的数词。,One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten,Eleven Twelve Thirteen Fourteen Fifteen Sixteen Seventeen Eighteen Nineteen Twenty,Twenty-one Twenty-two Thirty Forty Fifty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety A hundred,年龄和时间的表达用基数词。,五、数词,Learn these numbers and find out the rules: 一起找规律,