第 1 页 共 14 页2014 高考英语教与练特训秘籍 41energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的I like to take some energetic exercise at weekends.我喜欢在周末做些剧烈运动。He seems an energetic person.他似乎是一个精力充沛的人。We should give energetic support to agriculture.我们要大力支援农业。易混辨析 power，strength ，force 与 energy 的辨析比较power 主要指做事所依靠的能力、功能，还可以指权力或影响力/ 势力。strength 指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气 ”；说物时，指“强度” 。force 主要指自然界的力量，暴力，势力，军事力量等。energy 主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量。His strength ran out.他没劲了。The force of the wind closed the door.风力把门关上了。Youll need to apply all your energy to this job.你需要把全部精力投入到这项工作中去。The motive power of trains is usually steam or electricity.火车的动力通常是蒸汽或电。反馈 1.1Must I do well in all the subjects，Mum?Sure，baby！As an old saying goes，knowledge is _.AcommandBeffortCpower Denergy反馈 1.2 He is always full of _every day.Apower BstrengthCforce Denergy反馈 1.3Now I have _over him；I can make him do anything I want.Aforce BpowerCstrength Dcontrol反馈 1.4 Im exhausted.Its going to be some time before I recover my full_.Aforce BstrengthCpower Denergy2contain vt.容纳，包含，抑制，克制This book contains all the information you need.第 2 页 共 14 页这本书包含你所需要的一切信息。I could hardly contain my curiosity.我简直无法克制我的好奇心。易混辨析 contain 和 include 区别contain 所涉及的物体常常是其组成部分或内容，强调包容关系。既可指具体有形的东西，也可指抽象无形的东西。include 指一整体包含着各独立的部分，也指某事物包含另一事物的某一部分。它们一个明显的区别是：include 的主语和宾语属于同一范畴；而 contain 的主语相当于一个“容器” ，contain 的宾语就是这个“容器”里所含有的东西。including 是介词，意为“包括在内” ；included 是形容词，用于名词和代词后“包括在内” 。The parcel contained a dictionary.那包裹里装的是一本字典。This bottle contains two glasses of beer.这个瓶子装了两杯啤酒。My family includes my father，my mother ，my brother and me.我家包括我爸爸，我妈妈，我哥哥和我。There are four people in my family，including me.There are four people in my family，me included.包括我在内，我家四口人。反馈 2.1The new book _ 7 modules，_ one main revision.Acontains；includingBincludes ；containingCcontains ；containingDincludes；including反馈 2.2 Even if they didnt _ the cost of food in the tour，its still a cheap vacation to the US.AholdBcontainCshareDinclude反馈 2.3Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it _.AcollectedBcontainedCloadedDsaved3since conj.自以后；既然，因为 adv.从那以后 prep.自以来；自从He has studied very hard since he came to our school.第 3 页 共 14 页自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。We have been missing them since they left here.自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。John is now with his parents in New York；it is already three years since he was a teacher.约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不当教师已经三年了。He left the town in 1989 and I havent seen him since.他在 1989 年离开这个城镇，后来我一直没有见过他。She hasnt been home since her marriage.她自结婚后未曾回过家。反馈 3.1 How long has this hotel been in business?_ 1982.AAfter BInCFrom DSince反馈 3.2Scientists say it may be five years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.Asince BuntilCbefore Dwhen 4damage n.（ U）损害，毁坏；（C ）赔偿费vt. 损害，损坏The heavy rain didnt do much damage to the crops.这次暴雨没有对农作物造成很大的损失。We paid 500 dollars to cover the damages.我们付了 500 美元的赔偿费。用法拓展 damage，destroy，ruin 和 spoil 辨析1）damage 意为 “损坏、破坏 ”。它可用于表示损坏具体的物品，暗示损坏后价值或效益会降低，还可以修复再用。也可用于表示损坏抽象的东西，有时该词也用于借喻。2）destroy 指“剧烈地破坏” “使之不存在”或“使之失去效能” ，一般情况下不可以修复再用。另外，它既可表示毁坏具体的物品，也可表示毁坏抽象的东西，打破（希望，计划），使失败。3）ruin 多用于借喻之中，有时泛指一般性的破坏，指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度；使破产。4）spoil “损坏，损伤；弄坏，弄脏，搞糟；使无用；破坏，宠坏，溺爱；姑息” 。What they said and did damage the relations between the two countries.他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系。The heavy rain destroyed our hope of a picnic.大雨将我们野餐的希望打破了。He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the table cloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水，把桌布弄脏了。第 4 页 共 14 页Our holidays were spoilt by the bad weather.我们假日的乐趣被恶劣天气所破坏了。反馈 4.1Her display of bad temper completely _ the party.Aharmed BdamagedCspoilt Dhurt反馈 4.2 用 destroy，damage，ruin 或 spoil 填空。1）She poured water all over my painting，and _ it.2）The houses were _ by the earthquake and they had no rooms to live in.3）Her heart was slightly _ as a result of her long illness.4）They _ their child by giving whatever he wants.5prefer vt.宁愿；较喜欢1）prefern./pron./doing sth.喜欢某人或某物；宁愿做某事2）prefer.to.喜欢而不喜欢；宁愿而不愿用作宾语的是名词、代词或动词ing 形式，其中 to 是介词，不是动词不定式符号。3）prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事4）prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿做5）prefer that sb.（should）do sth.宁愿某人做某事在 that 引导的宾语从句中，我们应当用虚拟语气“should动词原形” ，其中 should 可以省略。Mr Brown preferred spending his spare time doing some reading.布朗先生比较喜欢把业余时间用来读点书。I prefer you to spare some time to come to our art exhibition next week.我希望你们下周抽出点时间来看看我们的美术展。Thousands of children nowadays prefer doing their homework to a background of pop music to doing it in a quiet room.如今，成千上万的孩子宁愿一边听流行音乐一边做作业，而不愿在安安静静的房间里做。Rather than go on holiday to the seaside，I prefer to work days and go to school nights.我宁愿白天工作，晚上上学，而不愿到海边度假。反馈 5.1（2012安徽安师大附中模拟） She seems to prefer _ American TV Shows to talking to me.Ato watchBto be watchingCwatching第 5 页 共 14 页Dhaving watched反馈 5.2In this school most students prefer taking pains in