英语构词法,一.转化 二,合成词, 三.派生词,一.转化词. 转化词就是由一类词转化为另一类词. 1.v-n. pay a visit 2. Nv His name heads the list. 3.adjv Mary empties the dustbin. 4.adjn. The bank is on the right. 5.adj-adv We will stay here long.,二.合成词. 1.合成形容词 ( 由数字和名词构成）一定要由连字符.a 2000wordreport an 800meterlong bridge 2.合成名词变复数 A.主体名词变为复数.looker(s)on son(s)inlaw B.没有主体名词的将最后一个词变为复数. gobetween(s) drawback(s),C. 其修饰作用的名词是man, woman的时候前后两个名词都变为复数. A man servant men servants,三.派生词, 派生词是由词根加词缀构成新词, 构成的 新词成为派生词.(前缀和后缀) 除个别前缀外,前缀一般只改变词的意义, 不引起词类的转化.1. un, dis, non, in, im, ir, il 等表示“不” unhappy, dislike, informal, impolite, illegal,2 re 表示重新. Rebuild, rewrite, revisit.3.en和后面的形容词,名词构成动词.enlarge, endanger, enable 4.pre 表示“之前” prehistory prefix prewar 5.post 表示“之后” postwar postgraduate,后缀一般只改变词类,不引起词义的变化. 1.由动词构成名词表示人或者器具.worker, assistant, examinee2.adjn 表示性质或者状态, Kindness, hardship, difficulty, truth,3.v-n表示过程或结果pollution, marriage, failure, arrival.4.nadj.useful, friendly, troublesome, careless.,1.名词后缀 er/or visitor worker ist artist communistness darkness happinesstion attention introduction ment movement judgement,2 形容词后缀 Ful careful hopeful ous curious dangerous able knowable usable y hilly windy ed coloured moneyed,副词后缀ly carefully newly greatly,