The Ivy League,常春藤联盟,The origin of The Ivy League,The Ivy League athletic conference, founded in 1954, consist of eight private institutious of higher education which located in the eastern United States. It was established wish the core principle of admission strictly based on academic merit. The term,with its connotatious of academic excellence, selectivity in admissious, and a certain amount of academic elitism, dates back to least 1935.,According to a kind of theory, the original of “The Ivy League“ should trace back to 1937, a new reporter named Stanley Woodward cast this word, because in the United States the most ancient old building are all covered by evergreen rattan(常青藤). Moreover, there is another early theory which is come from “Four Leage “.the member includes Columbia University, Harvard University , Princeton university and Yale University. 根据一种理论，“常青藤联盟”之原名应追溯到1937年，一位纽约报(New York Herald Tribune)体育新闻记者斯坦利伍德沃德（Stanley Woodward）先生铸造了此名词，因美国最古老及最菁英的学校建筑物均被常青藤覆盖住。另外一个理论对此名词的解释则较为古老，来自较早称之为“四联盟”（Four Leage）的运动协会，成员包括哥伦比亚大学、哈佛大学、普林斯顿大学和耶鲁大学。,The Ivy League contains eight schools of the northeast of the United States: Brown University, Columbia University , Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Pennsylvania, Princeton and Yale University.In addition to Cornell , all these schools are establish before American Independence War, the entering standards of every these school are all very strict.,t.,Harvard哈佛大学,Harvard,In 1636 a college was founded in Cambridge by the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts(,mstu:sitsn. 马萨诸塞州)Bay Colony. It was opened for instruction two years later and in 1639 named for English clergyman John Harvard , its first benefactor. The college at first lacked substantial（实质性的，大体的） endowments and existed on gifts from individuals and the General Court. Harvard gradually acquired considerable autonomy（自治，自治权） and private financial support, becoming a chartered university in 1780. Today it has the largest private endowment of any university in the world.,School badge of Harvard,约翰哈佛铜像,哈佛大学 纪念楼,Restaurant,Yale University耶鲁大学,Yale University is a private reasearch university in New Haven, Connecticut, and a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States.,Lux et Veritas（光明和真理）,School badge,University of Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚大学,University of Pennsylvania ,a famous private search type university in the United States ,is located in Philadelphia ,Pennsylvania.It is the member of The Ivy League.It was established in 1740,and it is the fourth ancient education higher Mrvhsnidm of American and the number 1 university of modern meaning in American .The 9 signatures of United States Declaration of Independence relates to 11 signatures of American constitution and the school.,School badge,本杰明富兰克林,Princeton普林斯顿,Princeton Universitybe is located in the Princeton of New Jersey, the United States, it is a famous private search type university of the United States and the member of The Ivy League.The school establishes in 1746 in the Elizabeth town of New Jersey , it was named “college of New Jersey“ at that time.And it moved into New Jersey in 1747, then moved into Princeton in 1756.Finally it formally changed name to Princeton university in 1896.,校训：Dei sub numine viget,School badge,Columbia University 哥伦比亚大学,Columbia University is a private research university in New York City and one of the eight members of the Ivy League. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the countrys nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution.The University was founded in 1754 as Kings College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain, and is one of only three United States universities to have been established under such authority. After the American Revolutionary War Kings College briefly became a state entity, and was renamed Columbia College in 1784.,神学院,School badge,布朗大学Brown University,Brown University is located in historic Providence, Rhode Island and founded in 1764, Brown University is the seventh-oldest college in the United States. Brown is an independent, coeducational(男女合校的) Ivy League institution comprising undergraduate and graduate programs, plus the Alpert Medical School and the School of Engineering.With its talented and motivated student body and accomplished faculty, Brown is a leading research university that maintains a particular commitment to exceptional undergraduate instruction.,Robinson Hall,University Hall,Wilson Hall,School badge,Dartmouth College达特茅斯学院,Dartmouth, a member of the Ivy League, is a private, four-year, coeducational undergraduate college with graduate schools of business, engineering and medicine and 16 graduate programs in the arts and sciences. Dartmouth is the nations ninth-oldest college, founded in 1769 by Rev. Eleazar Wheelockfor the education of “youth of the Indian Tribes . English Youth andothers .“ Dartmouth became coeducational in 1972. Its colors areDartmouth Green and white; its nickname is “The Big Green.“,