定语从句专题讲座,重庆市七十九中学 黄垚,1、定语从句的概念,2、定语从句的关联词,3、定语从句的分类,主要内容,什么是定语？,The man has lost the book.,The fat man has lost the new book.,The frustrated man has lost the interesting book.,The running man has lost the borrowed book.,形容词做定语,形容词做定语,形容词做定语,现在分词做定语,过去分词做定语,The man in black has lost the book on science.,The man running on the street has lost the book borrowed from the library yesterday.,The man who is running on the streethas lost the book which he borrowed from the library yesterday.,介词短语作定语,现在分词短语作定语,过去分词短语作定语,定语从句,先行词，中心词 antecedent,The man who is running on the street has lost the book which he borrowed from the library yesterday.,定语从句attributive clause,主句谓语 predicate verb,关系联词,主句主语,主句宾语,定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后。,The man who is running on the street has lost the book which he borrowed from the libraryyesterday.,关系联词,从句主语,从句宾语,从句谓语,从句谓语,从句地点状语,从句时间状语,关系联词的作用：1、代替前面的先行词，2、在从句中作相应的成分。 即：关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。Whose还可作定语。关系副词在从句中作状语。,The man borrowed a book from the library yesterday. The man is running on the street. The man has lost his book.,那位在街上跑的人丢了昨天从图书馆借的书。,The on the street running man has lost yesterday from the library borrowed book. (),主语,宾语,谓语,The man who is running on the street has lost the book which he borrowed from the libraryyesterday.,关系联词,关系代词Who, whom, whose, that, which, as(在从句中作主语，宾语，定语等） 关系副词when, where, why, how (在从句中作状语。）,1、代替先行词 2、在从句作相应的成分,who, whom, whose,who, whom, whose指人，who是主格，在从句中作主语，whom宾格，在从句中作宾语。在非正式英语中也可以用who来代替。whose是属格，在从句中作定语。 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a friend of mine. The man whom he is talking with is my teacher. The man who he is talking with is my teacher. The man with whom he is talking is my teacher. I know a girl whose mother is a doctor.,which,Which在从句中既可用作主语，也可用作宾语，一般代替物。还可用作表语。 This is the book which has been lost for weeks. Where is the book which I bought this morning? After the war, this city is no longer the one which it was.,that,That在从句中可指人或物，代替who, whom, which,在从句中作主语或宾语。（但不能放在介词后作介词的宾语。） The man that(who) is speaking at the meeting is a friend of mine. Is this the actor that(whom) you talked about yesterday? (about不能放在that前） The letter that(which) I received yesterday was from my brother. Beijing is a city that(which) has a history of 2000 years.,关系代词作主语,The man who was here yesterday is a painter. A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read. Is he the man that sells eggs? That is the stranger who saved the boys life the other day. Beijing is a city which has a history of 2000 years. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a friend of mine.,关系代词作宾语,The man who I met yesterday is Mr. Brown. The letter that I received from him yesterday is very important. Where is the book I bought yesterday? The lady who he wants to visit is a scientist. Who is the student whom Mr. Green speaks highly of at the meeting? He has lost the book which he bought yesterday.,在下列情况下只能用that,1、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级或only,the same，the very 等词修饰时。 The first English novel that I read was a Hard Times by Charles Dickens. 我读的第一本英语小说是狄更斯写的艰难时代 Rose is the most diligent student that I have ever known. 罗斯是我认识的学生中最勤奋的。 My necklace is the only thing that is missing. 唯一不见的东西是我的项链。 Thats the same man that asked for help the day before yesterday. 那是和前天求助的同一个人。,在下列情况下只能用that,2、在用all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词作先行词时. Everything that we saw at the village greatly interested us. The school has told us something that we should do in the summer vacation. All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不都是金子。 Is there anything that you want to buy in town? All that we have to do for our students is to suggest how to be honest. 我们为学生所要做的事情就是启发他们如何做个诚实的人。 Nothing that the teacher does doesnt influent his students. 老师所做的事没有不影响到学生的。,