Unit 1,Grammar,张家港常青藤实验中学 李彬,Overview of tenses1:present tenses,Present tenses are used to talk about the present time. These tenses include:simple presentpresent continuouspresent perfectpresent perfect continuous,we use the simple present tense to talk about things that:1.I am at a comedy show.2.The sun rises in the east.3.The Academy Award show is on television every year.4.Every time a prop comedian tells a joke, he or she uses a thing, called a prop.,simple present,are true now or are always true.,occur regularly,1这里很少下雪 2他喜爱体育运动 3太阳从东方升起 4他总是乐于助人,1.It seldom snows here.,2. He loves sports.,3.The sun rises in the east.,4.He is always ready to help others.,Time marker:usually; always; seldom; often; sometimes;frequently; every day; every week; on sundays,Note 1: 1.He is always making trouble. 2.He is constantly leaving his things about. 3.You are always changing your mind.,Eg.他总是想着别人,He is always thinking of others.,Note 2 1.Itll be a long time before we _(meet) again. 2.Even if it _(rain) tomorrow, well go. 3.Ill call on you unless it _(rain) tomorrow. 4.Ill stay with you so long as there_(be) is a room free.,meet,rains,rains,is,在时间，条件，让步,方式状语从句中，用一般 现在时代替一般将来时，现在完成时，代替 将来完成时,eg.公共汽车未停稳，别下车。,Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.,Note 3 1.The plane takes off at 10 a.m.tomorrow. 2.We leave for Beijing next week. 3.The film starts at 7 p.m. this evening 4.My birthday is in two weeks time.,表按照安排，计划或时刻表， 用一般现在时代替一般将来时,Eg. 早班车7点,The early bus leaves at 7 a.m.,Note 4 1.Look! Here comes the bus! 2.There goes the bell!,在here/there引导的倒装句中，用一般现在时代替现在进行时,1.= The bus is coming here.,2.=The bell is ringing,We use the present continuous tense to talk about actions that:1.are happening or in progress now.are being planned now, but will happen in the future.2.happen repeatedly, used with always, usually with a negative connotation.,present continuous,3.You look lovely when you are smiling.,1看！猴子正在爬树。 2你的学习进展如何？ 3你笑时很可爱,1.Look! The monkey is climbing the tree.,2.How are you getting on with your study?,-time marker:now; right now; at present; at the present time;for the moment; these days/years,Note 1 1.How many of you are coming tothe party tonight? 2.A foreigner is giving a lecture in Englishthis afternoon.,1表位置移动的动词可用进行时表将来时。2表预计将要发生的事情也可用进行时表将来时,We use the present perfect tense to talk about how the past and present are connected. We use it for:1. experiences that are repeated.2.things that happened in the past, but have an effect on the present .3.things that started in the past and are still happening now.,present perfect,1. experiences that are repeated He has hosted the show eight times. Bill Crystal has been in many films and television shows.2. things that happened in the past, but have an effect on the present Doctors have found that people who laugh a lot live longer! Some stand-up comedians have became famous as television and film actors later on in life .,3. things that started in the past and are still happening now. People have always enjoyed laughing . Comedians have always told jokes and performed comic acts.,time marker:-already; never; ever; just; before; recently; lately; yet; so far; by now;up till now; up to the present; for; all the time; since;several times,Sentence structures,Its the first/secondtime that+现在完成时,这是我第三次给你们讲这个语法点,Its the third time that I have explained thelanguage point.,=I have explained the language pointsthree times so far.,1.In the past there _(be) no trees in or around the village.2.In the past three weeks, I _ (not see) him.,were,havent seen,3.我读完这本书后将给出我的观点,Ill give my opinion after I have finishedreading the book.,Correct the following sentences:,1. He has arrived in China for 5 years.,been,2.He has joined the army for 5 years.,been in,Can you tell me the tenses of the next two sentences? 1. Doctors have been researching that question. 2.The curtains finally openthe audience have been waiting an hour for the show.We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past, have lasted up to now and will probably continue to happen.,present perfect continuous,Finish the sentences by writing the correct forms of tenses.1.I will tell her when he _(come) tomorrow.2.She _(measure) the hall.(她正在测量大厅)3.I _ (not finish) reading the book yet, so I cant return it to the library.4.The earth _(move) round the sun.,Exercise 1:,comes,is measuring,havent finished,moves,5. In the future I shall do as she _.(say) 6.She was sleepless many nights. She _(be) very tired and cant concentrate at all. So she decides to go to see the doctor. 7.As the city _ (have) many entertaining places to go, we treated the foreign friends to some real Chinese food.,says,has been,does not have,8.Ma Ling _(live) in Shanghai, but she _(live) in Beijing at the moment. 9.A big department store _ (stand) in the centre of the town. A girl _(stand)at the gate of the store. 10.I _(leave) for Shanghai this Monday.My plane_(leave) at 9 in the morning. 11.I _(always have) a cup of coffeein the morning, but I _ (always forget) to wash the cup afterwards.,