Linyutang,Chinese writer, philosopher, translator, editor and poet,Background,Born in Longxi, Fujian province . The son of a minister牧师. His education in Xiamen was the first to expose him to true western culture. Afterward, he studied in Saint Jonhs University ,Harvard University and the Leipzig University. Lin spent most of his life in the United States and wrote most of his many works in English.,Contributions,(1)TranslationLins translation has enlightened to todays translation studies . He has translated a large number of profound Chinese classics into English to spread the rich Chinese culture to the western world.And, he also brought the western culture to our country through it.,Translation Appreciation,寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最难将息。三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他、晚来风急？雁过也，正伤心，却是旧时相识,So dim, so dark, So dense稠密的, so dull阴暗的, So damp潮湿, so dank阴湿, So dead! The weather, now warm, now cold, Makes it harder Than ever to forget! How can a few cups of thin wine Bring warmth against The chilly寒冷的 winds of sunset?I recognize the geese flying overhead: My old friends, Bring not the old memories back!,Translation Appreciation,满地黄花堆积。憔悴损，如今有谁堪摘？守著窗儿，独自怎生得黑？梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏、点点滴滴。,Let fallen flowers lie where they fall. To what purpose and for whom should I decorate? By the window shut, guarding it alone, to see the sky has turned so black! And the drizzle毛毛雨 on the kola nut Keeps on droning: Pit-a-pat, pit-a-pat!,Contributions,(2) Introduce Chinese cultural spirits and the Chinese way of life to the western through his English works.The has said about Linyutang like this :”Some western people with limited knowledge know about Linyutang before they know about China, and they know about China before they know the splendid culture of China”The has said about Lin yutang: “he explains to western people of his countrymen and the customs of the country ,no one can match.“,Moment in Peking京华烟云 A Leaf in the Storm 风声鹤唳 Between Tears and Laughter 啼笑皆非 My Country and My People吾国与吾民 The Importance of Living 生活的艺术 Thy Gay Genius苏东坡传 Lady Wu武则天传 and so on ,works,Work Appreciation,THE CHINESE THEORY OF LEISURE Before we read this essay,we must know that it is selected from . And it was wrriten for western people to read. Lets see how Lin introduce the Chinese theory of Leisure to the western hustler催促者.,THE CHINESE THEORY OF LEISURE,The American is known as a great hustler催促者, as the Chinese is known as a great loafer.游手好闲者(contrast) And as all opposites admire each other, I suspect that the American hustler admires the Chinese loafer as much as the Chinese loafer admires the American hustler. Such things are called the charms of national traits.,Work Appreciation,Culture, as I understand it, is essentially a product of leisure (Do you agree this sentence?). The art of culture is therefore essentially the art of loafing游手好闲. From the Chinese point of view, the man who is wisely idle懒惰 is the most cultured man (what does the “wisely idle” mean). For there seems to be a philosophic contradiction between being busy and being wise. Those who .are wise wont be busy, and those who are too busy cant be wise. The wisest man is therefore he who loafs most gracefully.,“Leisure in time is like unoccupied floor space in a room (similar). Every working girl who rents a small room where every inch of space is fully utilized feels highly uncomfortable because she has no room to move about, and the moment she gets a raise in salary, she moves into a bigger room where there is a little more unused floor space, besides thosestrictly useful spaces occupied by her single bed, her dressing table and her two-burner gas range. It is that unoccupied space which makes a room habitable, as it is our leisure hours which make life endurable. I understand there is a rich woman living on Park Avenue, who bought up a neighboring lot to prevent anybody from erectinga skyscraper next to her house. She is paying a big sum of money in order to have space fully and perfectly made useless, and it seems to me she never spent her money more wisely.,In this connection, I might mention a personal experience. I could never see the beauty of skyscrapers摩天大厦 in New York, and it was not a good frontage (metaphor)and at least half a mile of unused space around it. Chicago is fortunate in this respect, because it has more space than Manhattan（contrast）. The tall buildings are better spaced, and there is the possibility of obtaining an unobstructed view of them from a long distance. Figuratively speaking, we, too, are so cramped in our life that we cannot enjoy a free perspective of the beauties of our spiritual life. We lack spiritual frontage.,Thank you!,