,Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?单元语法小专题(GrammarHocus)一语法精讲一by的用法1.表示做某事的方式、方法等,“by十动词-ing“形戊表示“甬,手段或方式“,其后也可接名词,表示“候助r才段“。2.“by十名词“也可表示“通过菜种方式“,此结构中,在表示交通工具的bus,train,taxi,plane,ship等词前不必加任何冠词。e.g.Igotoschoolbybuseveryday.我每天坐公共汽车去上学。国公惧女孩1.by表示“在.旁边“。.g.Thelittlegirlisplayingbythelake.那个小E在湖边玩。4E.by表示“不晚于;在.之前“。.g.Canyoucomeherebysevenoclock?你能在七点钟之前来这儿吗?5为“独C.by与反身代词oneself连用,构成byoneself,意自;单独“。.g.Ican“tleaveherbyherself.我不能把她单独留下。毕权二、动名词的用法1.动名词在句中作主语动名词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g.Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.做早操对我们的健康有好处。2.动名词孙句中作宾语动名词在句中作宾语时,一般放在及物动词或介词之后充当这一动词或介词的宾语。(后跟动名词作宾语的及物动词有:finish,enjoy、keepystandysuggest,advise,practice,allow,mind,imagine等。EEe.g:ThetouristsenjoystayinginKunmingalltheyearround.游客们喜欢常年都待在昆明。Doyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意开一下窗户吗?(2)动名词作介词的宾语,包括以介词结尾的动词短语,如:giveup,takepartin,begoodat等。e.g.Iknowyouaregoodatdrawingpictures.我知道你擅长画面。-一语法专练一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Thelittleboycanfinishtheworkbyhimself(Che).2.Ithink_watching_(watch)English-languagevid-eosisveryhelpfulforyoutolearnEnglish.3.Canyoufinish_doing(do)yourhomeworkby一Enineoclock?24.Dontworryaboutmakingmake)mistakeswhenyoutalktoforeignersinEnglish.5._Helping“(help)eachotheratschoolisawaytoimproveourfriendship.二、单项选择。(C)6.(2018.鄂州模拟)Mr.Zhaoisgoingtotheair-porttaxi.人.inB.onC.byD.of(D)7.HissisterlearnedEnglishwritinge-m希j一水herpenpals.A.by;byB.in;on“C.at;iinD.by;to(B)8.Tomisstandingthewindow,lookingatthefields.人.forB.byC.in)2(C)9.Mymothermadeacoatformehand.人.to卫.atC.byD.with(D)10.一WhotaughtyouFrench?一N0b0dy【lear黜edibyA.IB.me_C.mine。Dmyself0佳三、根据汉语及提示词完成句子。11.那个老人靠卖报纸为生。(sel1)Theoldmanmadealiving_bysellingnewspapers.12.我通过阅读大量的杂志来学习英语。(read)IstudyEnglish_byreadingalotofmagazines.13.他说加入英语俱乐部是提高英语的最好方法。(join)Hesaidthat_joiningtheEnglishclubwasthebestway_toimproveEnglish.