Chapter 10,授课人：陈阿梅,Circulatory System,内蒙古基础医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室,HEART,superior vena cava,inferior vena cava,right atrium,Circulatory System,heart,Right lymphatic duct,A,CAP,V,Lymphatic capillaries,lymphatic vessels,Tissue fluid,lymph nodes,Thoracic duct,Heart,a muscular organ that contracts rhythmicallypump blood through the circulatory system,1. The wall of the heart 3 layers:,endocardium 心内膜(Tunica intima)myocardium 心肌膜(Tunica media)epicardium 心外膜(Tunica adventitia),HEART WALL,epicardium,myocardium,endocardium,Pericardial space,pericardium,mesothelium,coronary vessel,cardiac muscle,subendocardial layer,subendothelial layer,endothelium,heart interior,The wall of the heart,myocardium,endocardium,Epicardium,1) endocardium Endothelium Subendothelial layer- CT, SMSubendocardial layer CT, conducting system of the heart,2)myocardiumcardiac muscle richly supplied with Caps. Thicker in ventricles than in atria,图4 心肌膜光镜图,Artial myocardial fibers contain specific atrial granules secreting atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) ANF can increases excretion of water and sodium and potassium ions and decreases blood pressure.,myocardium,cardiac fibrous skeleton：dense CT,3) Epicardium visceral layer of the pericardium,LCT: contain adipose tissue Methothelium,Epicardium,Mesothelium surrounds thick layer of fibro-elastic tissue. Adipose tissue connects epicardium to Myocardium.,endothelial layerA central core of CT.Prevents blood backflow,4、cardiac valves,Conducting system of the heart Composed of the sinoaterial node (SA), atrioventricular node (AV), AV bundle and the network of Purkinje fibers.,Pacemaker cells: heartbeat generatingPurkinje cells (bundle cell):,distributed in subendocardial layer, larger than cardiac mc terminal branches of conducting system Conduct impulses to cardiac muscle fibers.,Transitional cells: transmit impulse,3 types of specialized cardiac muscle cells,Purkinje cell,Cardiac cell,Blood vascular system,Network of tubes Arteries - blood away from heartCapillaries Veins - blood back to the heart,The wall is composed of 3 tunics,General structure of BV,Tunica intima Endothelium collagenous tissue.Tunica media Muscle and CTno fibroblasts. Smooth muscle cells can produce the fibers and matrix.Tunica adventitia-CT,