Do schools kill creativityGood morning. How are you? Its been great, hasnt it? Ive been blown away by the whole thing. In fact, Im leaving. (Laughter) There have been three themes, havent there, running through the conference, which are relevant to what I want to talk about. One is the extraordinary evidence of human creativity in all of the presentations that weve had and in all of the people here. Just the variety of it and the range of it. The second is that its put us in a place where we have no idea whats going to happen, in terms of the future. No idea how this may play out.早上好. 还好吗?很好吧,对不对? 我已经飘飘然了! 我要飘走了.(笑声) 这次会议有三个主题 这三个主题贯穿会议始终,并且和 我要谈的内容有关 其中之一就是人类创造力的伟大例证 这些例证已经体现在之前的演讲当中 以及在座各位的身上. 从这些例证中我们看到了创新的多样化 和多领域. 第二点- 这些创新也让我们意识到我们不知道未来会发生什么 完全不知道 未来会如何I have an interest in education - actually, what I find is everybody has an interest in education. Dont you? I find this very interesting. If youre at a dinner party, and you say you work in education - actually, youre not often at dinner parties, frankly, if you work in education. (Laughter) Youre not asked. And youre never asked back, curiously. Thats strange to me. But if you are, and you say to somebody, you know, they say, “What do you do?“ and you say you work in education, you can see the blood run from their face. Theyre like, “Oh my God,“ you know, “Why me? My one night out all week.“ (Laughter) But if you ask about their education, they pin you to the wall. Because its one of those things that goes deep with people, am I right? Like religion, and MONEY and other things. I have a big interest in education, and I think we all do. We have a huge vested interest in it, partly because its education thats meant to take us into this future that we cant grasp. If you think of it, children starting school this year will be retiring in 2065. Nobody has a clue - despite all the expertise thats been on parade for the past four days - what the world will look like in five years time. And yet were meant to be educating them for it. So the unpredictability, I think, is extraordinary.我对教育感兴趣 事实上,我发现每个人都对教育感兴趣 难道不是吗? 我发现这很有趣 如果你参加一个晚宴,你说 你在教育部门工作 坦白的讲，如果你在教育部门工作，事实上你不会经常参加晚宴, (笑声) 所以你不会被问及你是做哪行的。 你永远不会被问到，很奇怪。 但是如果你被问及， 他们问:“你从事什么行业?“ 你说你在教育部门工作 你会发现他们涨红了脸,那意思好像是 “我的天啊，”“为什么让我碰上？整整一周我才出来一次” (笑声) 但如果你要他们谈谈他们的受教育经历， 他们会把你“钉到墙上”. 因为这些事情都涉及 个人的隐私,对吗? 比如宗教信仰,薪水等 我对教育特别感兴趣,我认为我们都是如此 我们对此有巨大的既得利益 部分因为教育旨在 将我们带入我们无法掌握的未来 大家想想,今年入学的小孩 2065 将退休. 没人知道会怎样- 虽然过去四天会议进程里都是关于这方面的专业讨论- 但我们还是无法预知这个世界 五年后的样子。这就是为何我们要让这些孩子 接受教育。我认为正是未来的不确定性 决定其非同寻常。And the third part of this is that weve all agreed, nonetheless, on the really extraordinary capacities that children have - their capacities for innovation. I mean, Sirena last night was a marvel, wasnt she? Just seeing what she could do. And shes exceptional, but I think shes not, so to speak, exceptional in the whole of childhood. What you have there is a person of extraordinary dedication who found a talent. And my contention is, all kids have tremendous talents. And we squander them, pretty ruthlessly. So I want to talk about education and I want to talk about creativity. My contention is that creativity now is as important in education as literacy, and we should treat it with the same status. (Applause) Thank you. That was it, by the way. Thank you very much. (Laughter) So, 15 minutes left. Well, I was born . no. (Laughter)第三点就是 我们都认同一个观点- 这些孩子的特别之处正是 他们的创新能力。我觉得昨晚 Sirena 的表现令人惊奇， 对吗？ 她很出色，但是我认为 她在孩提时代时没显得与众不同。 现在的教育提倡的是一个有奉献精神的老师 能发现一个天才学生。但我认为 所有孩子都是伟大的天才。 而我们却无情地扼杀了他们的才能。 所以我想谈谈教育和 创造力。我认为 创造力和文化知识在教育中占同样比重， 所以这两方面我们应同等对待。 （掌声）谢谢。而且， 非常感谢。（笑声）还剩 15 分钟。 我出生于-说错了（笑声）I heard a great story recently - I love telling it - of a little girl who was in a drawing lesson. She was six and she was at the back, drawing, and the teacher said this little girl hardly ever paid attention, and in this drawing lesson she did. The teacher was fascinated and she went over to her and she said, “What are you drawing?“ And the girl said, “Im drawing a picture of God.“ And the teacher said, “But nobody knows what God looks like.“ And the girl said, “They will in a minute.“ (Laughter)最近我听到一个很不错的故事-我很愿意讲讲这个故事- 说的是一个小女孩正在上绘画课。小女孩只有六岁 她坐在教室的后排，正在画画， 而她的老师评价她几乎从不 注意听讲，但在绘画课上她却听得很认真。 老师饶有兴趣地走过去 问她：“你在画什么？” 她说：“我画的是上帝。” 老师说：“可是没人知道上帝长什么样。” 这时小女孩说：“他们马上就能知道上帝的样子了。” （笑声）When my son was four in England - actually he was four everywhere, to be honest. (Laughter) If were being strict about it, wherever he went, he was four that year. He was in the Nativity play. Do you remember the story? No, it was big. It was a big story. Mel Gibson did the sequel. You may have seen it: “Nativity II.“ But James got the part of Joseph, which we were thrilled about. We considered this to be one of the lead parts. We had the place crammed full of agents in T-shirts: “James Robinson IS Joseph!“ (Laughter) He didnt have to speak, but you know the bit where the three kings come in. They come in bea