Cariology and Endodontics,A discipline to study the etiology, pathogenic mechanism, pathology, pathology-physiology,clinical expression,treatment and favorable turn etc. of the disease on dental hard tissue and pulp tissue.,Concept,The content of the textbook,Cariology Non-cariogenic disease of dental hard tissue Endodontics Operative dentistry,History,In 50s years,Oral medicine Cariology Operative dentistry Endodontics Non-cariogenic disease of dental hard tissue Disease of Oral mucosa Preventive dentistry Periodontology Paediatrics for dentistry,Stomatology in ancient times,Before Christ (B.C.) There were some record about caries,Image liking character (script)worm + tooth,The chinese were known to have treated dental ills with knife, cautery, and acupuncture, a technique whereby they punctured different areas of the body with a needle.,In Dynasty Han (A.D.215282),There are some record about periodontology,Anno Domini,Pulpitis In Han, Mr. Zhang Zhong Jing Jin Gui Yao luewas a very famous writings in which there was a record about arsenic Arsenic is a toxicant medicine which has been generally used for killing pulp,In Dynasty Tang (A.D.710 era) the people use silver paste to fill tooth decay,In Tang, tooth brush with willow twig a toothbrush with hair planted was invented in A.D.911 century from a tomb of an emperors son-in-law of Liao from Chi Fong city,3 events above described,reflected ancient civilization of our country,Dentistry development in West country,The first known dentist was an Egyptian named Hesi-re (3000 B. C.). He was chief toothist to the pharaohs, he was also a physician, indicating an association between medicine and dentistry.,The Greeks,Hippocrates (500 B. C.) appreciated the importance of teeth. He accurately described the technique for reducing a fracture of the jaw and also replacing a dislocated mandible. He was familiar with extraction forceps for this is mentioned in one of his writings.,Aristotle (384 B.C.) also stated figs and soft sweets produce decay.,Galen (200A. D. Romans),was first to recognize that toothache could be: Pulpitis or pericementitis He also classified teeth into centrals, cuspids and molars.,B. Leonardo da Vinci (end of 15th Century) - he described the anatomy of the jaws, teeth and maxillary sinus. These drawings are the first to accurately describe the maxillary sinus. However, credit has been given to Dr. Nathaniel Highmore of England (1650).,D. Leeuwenhoek (17th Century) - invented the microscope. He described the dental tubuli and was the first to see organisms of the mouth,Anton van leeuwenhoek,K. John Greenwood (1789) - dentures for George Washington were made by him.,a red laser scans,George Washingtons false teeth not wooden Laser scans find gold, ivory, lead, human and animal teeth,L. Pierre Fauchard (18th Century - 1728) - Father of Scientific Dentistry. Wrote a great text “Surgeon Dentist“. He also wrote a complete work on Odontology in two volumes, 843 pages. He recognized the intimate relationship between oral conditions and general health. He advocated the use of lead to fill cavities. He removed all decay and if the pulp was exposed, he used the cautery.,Musee dArt Dentaire Pierre Fauchard at the Academie Nationale de Chirurgie Dentaire 22 Rue Emile Menier, 75116, Paris France,He prescribed oil of cloves and cinnamon for pulpitis. He described partial dentures and full dentures in his text. He constructed dentures with springs and used human teeth. Gold dowels were used in root canals filled with lead. He was also known as Father of Orthodontics. Fauchard died in 1768 at the age of 83.,1763 A.D,John Baker, M.D. Surgeon Dentist. The earliest qualified dentist to practice in Boston and in America.,1836 A.D.,Arsenic introduced for the killing of pulps, by Spooner.,1840 A.D.,The American Society of Dental Surgeons, first national dental organization. The Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, the first school in the world for the training of dentists was founded by Harris and Harden.,Founded by Harris and Harden,1859 A.D.,Organization of American Dental Association on a representative basis.,1890 W.D. Miller propose a chemical-bacteria Paraorganism theory to explain the mechanism of caries,1891 A.D.,Extension for prevention and scientific cavity preparation promulgated by G.V. Black. 1892 A.D. The establishment of a three-year course in dental colleges.,1906 A.D.,Einhorn recommends novacaine and adrenalin combination for local anesthesia.,1915 A.D.,McKay and Black publish results of investigation of fluoride in drinking water.,1956 A.D.,Air-rotor drill, 250,000 RPM Dr. Robert Borden.,Stomatology in China before 1949,West China University (1910)Shanghai Second University(1920)4th Military Medical University(1935)Beijing University(1943),Shanghai Second University,West China University 1918(School 1910),The first dental school in China was founded in West China Medical University in 1917.,A. W. Lindsay was teaching,After 1949 Hubei Medical College 1960,