初中定语从句基础讲解,什么是定语从句呢？,修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子,I love singers who write their own music.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,The man who lives next to us is a policeman.,先行词,_,_,关系词,_,定语从句,关系词,关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why,人 (n.) + who /that+ 从句物 (n.) + that / which+ 从句,关系代词的作用：a. 做代词，代替先行词b. 在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语c. 做连词，把主句和从句连接起来,I love singers who write their own music.,关系代词:,1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,The man who I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.,3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which were plantedlast year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,He is the man. I told you about him.,He is the man (that) I told you about.,I have an apple.,An apple is red.,I have an apple,that is red.,修饰先行词 an apple,主语,主语,关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。,I have some friends.,Some friends like sports.,I have some friends,who like sports.,修饰先行词 friends,主语,主语,/ that,关系词who /that 在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。,关系词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。I prefer shoes that are cool.I have a friend who plays sports.,I like the music.,I can dance to the music.,I like the music,that I can dance to .,宾语,宾语,关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。,I like the girl.,You are talking to the girl.,I like the girl,who(m) you are talking to .,宾语,宾语,/that,关系词who /that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。,归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who, whom指人,who作主语或宾语,whom作宾语。 关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。,1) A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen. 3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam. 4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher.,which/that,which/that,who/that,whom/that/ who,任务I. 阅读下列句子，再用who/that 填空。 1.I have a brother _ likes soccer.2.Tom doesnt like movies _are too long and too scary.3. We prefer groups _ play loud and energetic songs.4. He likes friends _ often help each other.,who/that,that,that,who/that,任务II. 请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。 1I like music. The music is loud and exciting. _.2. She loves movies. The movies are romantic._.3. Tony likes music. He can dance to the music. _.,I like music that is loud and exciting.,She loves movies that are romantic.,Tony likes music that he can dance to.,Match the two sentences 1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. _ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. _,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,whose 作定语,表示所属关系。,The boy is my classmate.The boys father is a policeman.,The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.,A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿). A. who B. whose C. whos D. whichLook at the girl _name is Lucy.A. who B. thatC. whos D. whose,Ill never forget the day when I joined the army,on which,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,=,=,关系副词,Do you know the reason why she was late.,for which,=,1. I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest. 2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 3. Ill never forget the year _ I came to this school. 4. The factory _ we will visit is large. 5. The factory _ his father works is large. 6. This is the house _ we lived last year. 7.This is the house _we lived in last year.,that/which,when/on which,that/which,where/in which,when/in which,where/in which,归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点, 在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若 作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.,that/which,