宾语从句 -By Hannah,FIND OUT THE OBJECT CLAUSES IN THE READING,Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London. Well, I cant say that I have any plans. It is Henry Adams, an American business- man, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do. I wonder, Mr. Adams, if youd mind us asking a few questions. May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are?,I dont know whether I could survive until morning. If you dont mind, may I ask you how much money you have? If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I dont think its very funny. Now if youll excuse me, I think Ill be on my way. You mustnt think we dont care about you. We know youre hard-working. Well, why dont you explain what this is all about?,以上蓝体部分是一个完整的句子，在谓语动词或介词或形容词之后做它们的宾语，因此叫宾语从句。,His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on the table. I am afraid I dont quite follow you, sir.,1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that可省略), 例如： I heard that be joined the army. (2) 由whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： I wonder whether you can change this note. (3) wh-疑问词引导的从句，例如： Hw asked why I was late for class. (4)动词间接宾语宾语从句, 例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation.,2. 作介词的宾语，例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. She cares much about what others think about her.,3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. 注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： afraid, sure, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, content 等。 有专家将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。,4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如： We should keep it in mind that we are Chinese, and that we should mean what we say. They want to make it clear that they do an important and necessary job. You should rely on it that he can do it well by himself.,5. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： I dont think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。,6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, advise, congratulate等。例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man. He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.,7. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有want, allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： I admire their winning the match. I admire that they won the match.,that 引导的宾语从句,1. that在宾语从句中不做成分，本身没意义，只起引导作用。 2. 引导的宾语从句一般情况下可以省略,但有多个that引导的从句，只有第一个that可省略，其它的不省略。例如： He understands（that）friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.,that 引导的宾语从句,3. that只做介词except和in的宾语， 其它介词需用it做形式宾语。例如： I dont know him except that he is an American. He didnt come in that he was ill in hospital. You can depend on it that he can do it himself. You must see to it that everything is ready before the head teacher comes in.,that 引导的宾语从句,She insisted that she organize the trip. I suggested that he should be sent there for the task. They requested that the money be paid timely.,仔细观察,that 引导的宾语从句,表示坚持(insist)、命令(order /command)、建议(suggest/ advise /propose ) 、要求(ask/ request/ require/ demand)之类的词后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气should + do /be done, should 可省略.,归纳总结,if & whether引导的宾语从句,if & whether本身有词义“是否”，在宾语从句中不做成分，只起引导作用。例如： I wonder, Mr. Adams, if youd mind us asking a few questions. if & whether引导的宾语从句一般可通用。,if & whether引导的宾语从句,但下列情况只使用whether: 1）做介词的宾语时用whether。如： It all depends on whether the boss likes it . 2）与or not 紧接着用时用whether 。如： We re considering whether or not we should accept it,if & whether引导的宾语从句,3） 宾语从句提前时用whether 。如： Whether she will come to the meeting, Im not sure. *宾语从句是否定句时用if。如： I dont care if he doesnt come.,判断正误,Im not sure whether he will come or not . Im not sure if he will come or not . Im not sure if or not he will come. Im not sure whether or not he will come. Im not sure whether he will not come. Im not sure if he will not come. Im not sure whether to come or not . Im not sure if to come or not.,T,T,F,T,F,T,T,F,动词doubt用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用that作连接词；用在肯定句时，连接词用whether或if皆可，而不用that。 Do you doubt that he will win? I dont doubt that your proposition is wrong. He doubts whether/if I know it.,doubt一词,Sum up,1. 宾语从句要用陈述语序； 2 . 宾语从句中时态要遵从：主句一般现在时， 从句不受时态限制；主句一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态，但从句是客观规律等时则用一般现在时态。 3. that只做介词except、in的宾语。 4. whether/if 用法有区别。 5. doubt用法需注意。 6. 别忘宾从用虚拟。,1. They dont know _ we are going hiking. 2. She wanted to know _ her coat would be ready the next day. 3. I was really surprised at _ I saw. 4. Do you know _ skirt it is?,when,if/whether,what,whose,在下列各空白处填上适当的连接词， 使句意通顺。,1. I really have no idea of _ (我该选择什么课题). 2. Our teacher told us _ (光速比声速快多了). 3. I didnt tell him _ (我参加了什么项目). 4. I _ (认为他没有 时间和你打高尔夫球). 5. They are discussing _ (这答案是否正确). ,根据汉语完成句子。,1. I really have no idea of what subject I should choose. (我该选择什么课题) 2. Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. (光速比声速快 多了) 3. I didnt tell him which sport I was in. (我参加了什么项目) 4. I dont think he has time to play golf with you. (认为他没有时间和你打高尔 夫球) 5. They are discussing if the answer is right. (这答案是否正确) ,