Notes,1 add vt,vi : to put sth. together with sth. 增加;补充,add up ( to) 总计,add to 把加到,add to 增加了,eg. His income adds up to 1000 yuan a month.,Will you add more sugar to your coffee?,Kitty adds to his happiness.,2 upset vt. upset-upset / upsetting,1. to cause to worry 令人担忧,Dont upset him.,2. to make ill in the stomach使胃不舒服,The foreign food upset him/his stomach.,adj. worried, feeling unhappy about something 难过,沮丧;心烦意乱,Hearing the news, he feels upset.,3 ignore vt. to pay no attention to sth.忽视，对不理睬,calm sb. down calm down sb. 使某人镇静,sb. calm down 某人平静下来,Ignore the child if he misbehaves and hell stop soon.,He took a deep breath to calmhimself down.,The excited girl quickly calmed down.,have got to = have to 不得不;必须(客观),否定: havent got to/dont have to,eg: Without machines, all the work hadto be done by hand.,must: 必须 (主观),eg: You must come back before9 oclock.,4 concern Vt. 1. 影响，涉及,That doesnt concern us.,2. 使某人担忧,What concerns me is our lack of preparation.,n. 利害关系; 担心; 忧虑,I have no concern with the accident.,be concerned about 关心 = show concern for,We are concerned about the growthof the younger generation.,with concern 关切地,be concerned with 与有关,1. list vt.列出,造表,eg.He listed all the names he wantedto invite.,n.目录 名单,make a shopping list,列采购单,make a list of,把列成单（表）,eg.He made a list of the names he wanted to invite.,2.reasoncause,Tell me the reason why you are late.,=for your being late.,People still dont know the cause of the fire.,人们还不知道火灾的原因.,采取某一行动的理由,造成某种结果的原因,3.shareshare (in ) sth. with sb.,e.g. Please share your book with me.,Lets share in a meal.,与某人分享,分担,让我们一起进餐.,4. go through,The country has gone through too many wars.,Id like to have you go through the book.,Mother went through the drawer looking for the sweater.,Ive gone through too much money this week.,经历,浏览,仔细查看,花掉,5. make her diary her best friend,eg. We made him monitor of our class.,make sth/sb + adj.,eg.The good news made me happy.,6. hide-hid-hid/hidden,hide away,eg.The thief hid away in a friend s house.,She hid her money away.,躲避,隐匿,7. set down,write down put down,eg. He set down a ball on the ground.,8. series,a television series 电视连续剧,a concert series,A series of jokes makes me laugh.,写下, 放下,单复数同形,=a series of concerts,9.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ivegrown so crazy about everything to do with nature.,1) I wonder if 我不知是否,eg. I wonder if you can help me repair my bike.,2) Its because 因为,because 引导的从句充当表语，此时不能 用since, as, for 来替换,eg. Why didnt you phone me last night? Its because I didnt want to disturb you.,3) grow/be crazy about 热衷于迷恋,eg. The boy is crazy about skating.,4) do with,eg. Her job is to do with computers.,1) 与有关,2) 处理，对付,eg. The man is difficult to do with.,have something to do with 与有些关系 have nothing to do with 与没有关系 have a lot to do with 与有很大关系,10. There was a time when定语从句有一段时间,eg. There was a time when I often came to school by bus.,11. could never have kept me spellbound,In the past, I paid no attention to nature, because I got it so easily. Now, its so hard for me to enjoy it that I am attracted.,1) keep 使役动词 “使”,keep me waiting keep us warm,13. stay / keep awake,12. on purpose,1) do sth. on purpose 故意做某事,eg. He broke the window on purpose.,2)for /with the purpose of in order to 为了,eg. He came here on purpose to saygoodbye to you.,stay/keep 使保持某种状态,13. for once 就这一次,eg. Let him go for once.,14. too much 不可数名词 “太多”,too many 可数名词,eg. You have wasted too much time.,The schoolbag is heavy. I have put too many books in it.,You have given me too much.,much tooadj /adv “实在太”,eg. Your skirt is much too small.,He ran much too fast.,15. dare 敢于,肯定句： 情态动词 dare do 行为动词 dare to do,否定句： 情态动词 darentdo 行为动词 dont dare (to) do,一般疑问句： 情态动词 Daresb. do 行为动词 Dosb. dare to do,eg. Dare he swim across?Does he dare to swim?,He darent come here because of the dog. He doesnt dare to come here because of the dog.,How dare you 你竟敢,I dare say 我想，很可能,16. happen to do 碰巧做,eg.I happened to meet him in the street. It so happened that I met him in thestreet.,9. notuntil 直到才,eg. He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.,17. It is the first /secondtime that 现在完成时 “某人第一二次做”,eg. It is the first time that I have been to the airport.,It was the first / secondtime that 过去完成时,eg. It was the second time that I had seen him.,18. face to face 面对面 在句中作状语，face-to-face 在句中作定语,eg. We are talking face to face.,We have a face-to-face interview.,heart to heart hand in hand side by side back to back shoulder to shoulder arm in arm step by step one by one,贴心地,手拉手地,并排地,背靠背地,肩并肩地,臂挽臂地,逐步地,一个一个地,1. write to sb 写信给某人,2. have trouble with sb与某人有麻烦,have trouble with sth 在某事上有麻烦/困难,3. at the moment 此刻,4. get along/on (well) with sb/sth与某人相处(融洽)某事进行得,5. fall in love (with sb) 与某人相爱,fall in love at first sight一见钟情,