No. 9 Function of nervous system,Bai Xia Department of Physiology,Chapter 29 Neuron and its functionSection 1 Neuronneuron neuroglia,Structure and Function of Neuron,action potential,gathers information,conduct information,2. Nerve fiberfunction: conducting AP,(1). General characteristics of nerve conduction: physiological intact property:insulate property:bilateral conduction :indefatigability(relatively),(2).Conduction velocity and classification . Factors affecting conduction velocitydiameter: V (m/s) 6 D (m)axis-cylinder / D: 0.6 : 1 myelin sheath:temperature:.Classification: conduction velocity: A; A; A; A / B / C (efferent nerve) diameter: Ia; Ib / II / III / IV (afferent nerve)myelin sheath: myelinated / unmyelinated,3. axoplasmic transport,(1) anterograde axoplasmic transportfast: 410mm / d (mokey or cats vagus)slow: 112 mm /d,(2) retrograde axoplasmic transport rabies virus spasmotoxinHRP,Chapter 30 Fundamental principles in functions of nervous system Section 1 Synaptic transmissionElectrical synapse Chemical synapse,1. Chemical synapse (1) Directed synapse:,Classification:,Ultrastructure:,Presynaptic membrane: 7.5nmSynaptic cleft: 20 40nmPostsynaptic membrane:receptor,The process of synaptic transmission,(2) non-synaptic chemical transmissionCharacteristic of transmission:,2.Postsynaptic potential(1). Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP): . recording,.Mechanism,(2).Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). recording,Stimulation IPSP,Stimulation IPSP,. Mechanism,(3).characteristics of Postsynaptic potential,. graded in magnitude. electronic expand. summation,Section 2 Neurotransmitters and receptors1. Neurotransmitter(1). Criteria:,(2). classification:. Cholines: Ach (Acetylcholine) . Monoamines: norepinephrine (NE)epinephrine (E). Amino acids: glutamate, -GABA . Peptides: substance P, endorphins. Purine: ATP . Lipid: . NO; CO: (3). neuromodulator: modulation,(4) neurotransmitter coexistenceDale principle:,2. Receptor:agonist:antagonist:,ligland,Up regulation: neurotransmitters receptorDown regulation: neurotransmitters receptor,