浙江省浙江省 2012 高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（6）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项.AChildrens Books: Hawkings fact and fictionGeorge FREllis theyre thinner and they eat differently thanpeople who are less activeThey also tend to be more educated, and education is one of thestrongest predictors of good health in general and a longer lifeAs a result, it is impossible toknow with confidence whether exercise prevents heart disease or whether people who are lesslikely to get heart disease are also more likely to be exercisingStill, in rigorous studies in which elderly people were assigned either to exercise or maintaintheir normal routine, the exercisers were less likely to fall, perhaps because they got stronger ordeveloped better balanceExercise may prevent broken bonesbut only indirectlyAnd what about weight loss? Lifting weights builds muscles but will not make you burn morecaloriesJack Wilmore, an exercise physiologist at Texas A & M University, calculated that theaverage amount of muscle that men gained after a serious 12-week weight-lifting program was 2kilograms, or 4 4 pounds That added muscle would increase the metabolic rate （代谢率） byonly 24 calories a dayExercise alone, in the absence of weight loss, has not been shown to reduce bloodpressureNor does it make much difference in cholesterol （胆固醇） levelsWeight loss canlower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, but if you want to lose weight, you have to diet aswell as exerciseExercise alone has not been shown to bring sustained weight lossJust askSteven Blair, an exercise researcher at the University of South CarolinaHe runs every day andeven runs marathons But, he adds, “I was short, fat and bald when I started running, and Im stillshort, fat and baldWeight control is difficult for meI fight the losing battle”The difficulty, DrBlair says, is that its much easier to eat 1,000 calories than to burn off1,000 calories with exerciseAs he relates, “An old football coach used to say, I have all myassistants running five miles a day, but they eat 10 miles a day”5In the case of Steven Blair, running does _ to his weight controlAlittleBmuchCgoodDharm6The last paragraph of the text tells us that the problem is that people tend to _?Aburn off 1,000 calories in a dayBuse more energy than they getCget more energy than they useDrun five miles in a football game7Which of the following is true according to the text?AExercise can certainly prevent heart diseaseBExercise alone can not reduce blood pressureCLifting weight can directly prevent broken bonesDWalking can not reduce blood sugar in people8According to the text, the more educated one is, the _Aless exercise one will takeBstronger and thinner one will beCmore cigarettes one will smokeDhealthier one will generally beCFRIDAY, Dec5, 2008College students who think all-night study sessions will help themremember facts might want to get some sleep instead Thats the message from a new study thatfinds that as you sleep, the mind consolidates the things you learn during the dayStudy participants who learned how to play a video game in the morning or evening did abetter job the next day after a nights rest, apparently because their brains were activelyabsorbing what theyd learned as they sleptThe finding shows “that sleep is not just a passive state when no information is coming in,“said Howard Nusbaum, a professor of psychology at the University of ChicagoFor the study, the researchers recruited 200 college studentsMost of them werent veryfamiliar with playing video games Some of the participants learned how to play the games in themorning, while others learned in the eveningThe researchers then tested the subjects on thevideo games 12 hours later and 24 hours laterThosewhotookpartinthemorningtrainingsessionsshowedanaverageeight-percentage-point improvement in their performance immediately after training Theyperformed more poorlyscoring four percentage points better12 hours laterBut they scored10 percentage points better the next morning“If we train you in the morning and come back at the end of the day, you forget some ofwhat you learned,“ Nusbaum said“But if you sleep after that, it restores some of what youlearned“The students who took part in the evening training sessions performed better the nextmorning after sleeping, than they did after being trainedThe role that dreams play in the learning processif anyisnt clearBut some dreamscould serve as a kind of practice for the brain, Nusbaum said“If you play a video game a lot, andyoure playing in your dreams, maybe that could help you learn“Jerry Siegel, professor at the Center for Sleep Research at the University of Calfornia, LosAngeles, said going without sleep hurts performance, but hes not convinced that sleep itselfactively contributes to learning“If you take a break for a few hours, it can easily be shown that learning did occur, becauseperformance is bett