1UnitUnit 5 5 MeetingMeeting youryour ancestorsancestors .阅读理解A AHowHow DidDid thethe AncientAncient ChineseChinese KeepKeep FoodFood WarmWarm inin Winter?Winter?Facilities like electric rice cookers, microwaves, and electric kettles, make it easy for people to keep food warm and enjoy a comfortable winter. So how did Chinese people in ancient times keep food warm in winter without these? In fact, ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation as early as the Shang and Zhou dynasties. “Wen“Wen Ding”Ding” ， ancientancient ricerice cookercookerOne of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm. The “Wen Ding” ， an ancient cooking container, served the same purpose, but instead of using electric energy, the ancient cooking container preserved heat by burning fuels like charcoal.The “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Stone Age. The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from Shang and Zhou dynasties took on different shapes and structures. “Ran“Ran Lu”Lu” ， ancientancient smallsmall hothot potpotThe “Ran Lu” is a small size cooking vessel(器皿) made of bronze, which can be divided into three parts. A charcoal stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessels structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period(475221 BC) BronzeBronze You,You, ancientancient kettlekettleThe Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed. Just as people today cant do without an electric kettle, the Bronze You allowed people to enjoy a hot drink. BronzeBronze Yan,Yan, ancientancient steamersteamerAlthough the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient 2Chinese people later found that its burning process produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty(25 AD220 AD), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modernday steamer.语篇导读 本文为说明文，介绍了中国古代用来保温食物的四种器皿。1When did the “Ran Lu” become popular?AIn the Zhou Dynasty.BIn the Warring States Period.CIn the Eastern Han Dynasty.DIn the Stone Age.解析 B B 细节理解题。根据题干关键词 Ran Lu 可定位至原文“Ran“Ran Lu”Lu” ， ancientancient smallsmall hothot potpot 部分，根据该部分最后一句became popular in the Warring States Period(475221 BC)可知，染炉在战国时期非常受欢迎，故选 B 项。2The Bronze You, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening to_.Astore wine Bpour waterCplace charcoalDhold charcoal ashes解析 C C 细节理解题。根据 BronzeBronze You,You, ancientancient kettlekettle 部分的第三句可知，铜卣有一个可放置木炭的开口，故选 C 项。3What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan?AIt is warm.BIt is convenient.CIt is environmentfriendly.DIt is useful.解析 C C 细节理解题。根据 BronzeBronze Yan,Yan, ancientancient steamersteamer 部分中的第一、二句可知，铜甗的优点是更为环保，故选 C 项。4Among the following products, which one may have the longest history?AThe “Wen Ding”.BThe “Ran Lu” CThe Bronze You.DThe Bronze Yan.解析 A A 细节理解题。根据“Wen“Wen Ding”Ding” ， ancientancient ricerice cookercooker 部分第二段第一句可知，温鼎的历史最为悠久，故选 A 项。B B“Heaven is where the police are English, the cooks are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss. Hell is where the police are German, the cooks are English, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss, and everything is organized by the Italians.”3Obviously the national stereotypes(模式化的思想) in this old joke are generalizations, but such stereotypes are often said to “exist for a reason”. Is there actually a sliver of truth in them? Not likely, an international research team now says.“National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing， ” said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging. “These are in fact unfounded stereotypes. They dont come from looking around you， ” McCrae said.If national stereotypes arent rooted in real experiences, then where do they come from? One possibility is that they reflect national values, which may become known from historical events. For example, many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect. Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history