Prsented by: Ben Elisondo CSU / SETC Safety Training,Confined Space Training,Permit-Required Confined Spaces Title 8 Sections 5156-5159,Confined Space Statistics,Leading cause of occupational fatalities in this countryThe Standard covers 240,000 workplaces and 12.2 million workersWorkers make 4.8 million entries/yearStandard may prevent 85% of fatalities and nearly 11,000 injuries,Definition of a Confined Space (must meet all three criteria),Limited means for entry or exit (manholes, vaults, & pits)Large enough & so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned workNot designed for continuous occupancy Two types Permit & Non-Permit Required Spaces,Definition of Permit-Required Confined Spaces,A confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics:Contains or has potential to contain a hazardous atmospherePotential for engulfmentInternal configuration that can trap or asphyxiate entrantAny other serious safety or health hazards (electrical, hot work, drowning . . .),What is a Hazardous Atmosphere?,An atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, impairment of ability to self-rescue, or acute illness resulting from the following:Flammable gas, vapor or mist in excess of 10% of the LFLCombustible dust at a concentration that is or =LFLOxygen concentration 23.5%Any substance with concentration PELAny other atmospheric concentration that is IDLH,Permit-Required Spaces on Campus,Electrical vaults: electrical hazards, low oxygen, &/or asbestosSewer manholes: CO, low oxygen, &/or toxic gasesStorm drain manholes: CO, low oxygen, &/or toxic gases,Permit-Required Spaces on Campus (cont),Pool Pit: lack of oxygen, toxic gases, &/or drowningSewer Tanks: toxic gases, low oxygen, drowning, &/or electrocution hazardsCommunication Vaults: low oxygen, asbestos, &/or electrical hazards,Non-Permit Required Spaces,Spaces that do not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death or serious physical harm:Utility closetsBelow-grade trenchesStorage vaultsUtility subbasements,Confined Spaces on Campus,EH&S and PPM jointly determine which types of spaces or specific spaces are defined as confined spacesAll confined spaces on campus will be considered “Permit Required” until pre-entry procedures determine otherwise. Only the Entry Supervisor is authorized to downgrade entry requirements.,Confined Space Entry Procedures,Space EvaluationAlternate Entry ProceduresPermit-Required Entry Procedures,Space Evaluation,Refer to Flow Chart Entry Supervisor must evaluate and previous & current gas tests must show above two conditions are true,Alternate Entry Procedures,Procedure that may be used to enter a confined space if the only hazard present in the space is atmospheric in nature and:The atmospheric hazard can be controlled by mechanical ventilation alone and;The permit space will not become immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) if the mechanical ventilation should fail.,Alternate Entry Procedures (cont),Entry Supervisor ensures space has been properly classified Use guarding/cover/barrier to prevent falls (when removing cover) Lock out/tag out all hazardous energy sources Complete log Test for O2, flammable gases/vapors and potential toxic air contaminants Set up ventilation (supply air taken from clean source) The Entrant will evacuate the confined space if he/she becomes aware of an unrecognized hazard,Permit Required Entry Procedures,Entry Supervisor, Entry Attendant and Entrant must participate Inspect and setup safety equipment Entry Supervisor establishes specific rescue procedures Lock and tag out all hazardous sources of energy Use guarding If removing an entrance cover Sample and record air for hazardous contaminants Entry Supervisor completes Permit prior to entry,Permit Required Entry Procedures (cont),Attendant verifies acceptable entry conditions Entrant wears retrieval equipment during entire operation Attendant continuously monitors atmosphere & records readings with the portable gas detector Immediately evacuate space if safety equipment fails or space becomes or has potential to become immediately hazardous Upon completion, Entry Supervisor completes permit and files,Potential Confined Space Hazards,EngulfmentOxygen deficiency (19.5% or less)Oxygen enrichment (23.5% or higher)Flammable gases or vaporsCombustible dustsToxic substancesIDLH atmospheresPhysical hazards,Monitoring Confined Space Air Quality,Prior to entering any confined space, prepare the gas detector Conduct a “bump test”. Breathe into the gas detector probe and look for a decrease in oxygen concentration - should alarm Sample air quality by slightly removing lid or through hole in lid before completely opening the space Monitor with probe slowly at different vertical heights Measure in the following order: Oxygen, LEL, H2S, CO Record results on the Confined Space Entry Permit Record Sheet,