核心词句1. surround vt.&vi. 包围，围绕常用结构：surround .with . 使包围be surrounded by/with 被包围The city is surrounded on all sides by hills.这个城市被群山环绕。We are surrounded by words every day.拓展 (拼写不同）surrender v. 投降surrounding adj. 附近的;周围的surroundings n. 环境;周围的事物be encircled with 被.环绕I enclose here with a cheque for 20 pounds.随信附上二十镑支票一张。I enclose herewith a cheque for 20 pounds.随信附上二十镑支票一张。the enclosed 附件辨析surroundings/condition/environmentsurroundings 意为“环境”时，要用复数形式，主要指周围的物质环境。condition 的复数形式 conditions 可表示“环境，情况”，但主要表示抽象意义上的。environment 意为“环境”时，既可表示抽象概念也可表示具体意义，包括周围环境、外界、自然环境、社会环境等。She works in pleasant surroundings. 她在愉快的环境中工作。Its difficult to imagine youre living in such poor conditions.很难想像你在这样差的条件下生活。An unhappy home environment can affect a childs behaviour.不幸的家庭环境可能对孩子的行为造成影响。完型填空by the police, the thief had no choice but to surrender（投降）. A. Surrounded B. Having surroundedC. To be surrounded D. Surrounding解析:选 A。be surrounded by 被包围。句子主语 the thief 与 surround 呈被动关系。故选 A。2. border n. 边界；国界；边沿; 缘饰; 任何东西的窄边vt.&vi. 与接壤；接近;以.为边, 给.滚边, 加边 ; 和.相连;和.接界I met him in a border town.我在一座边境小镇认识了他。She crossed the border in disguise.她伪装过了边境。Her handkerchief has a blue border. 她的手帕有一条蓝边。border a dress with silk 用丝绸给一件衣服加边Scotland borders England. 苏格兰和英格兰接界。India borders on China. 印度和中国接壤。Such an act borders on folly. 这种行为近乎愚蠢。习惯用语on the border of 在.的边界上；将要; 接近于, 濒临于on the borders 在边界上, 接近交界处out of borders 在国境领地外within borders 在国境领地内over the border 越过国境border on/upon 与.接壤相邻；类似; 非常象辨析border/boundary/bounds/frontier这四个词都含有“边界”的意思。border 指“边界”时，常指“边境”，即沿着两国边界的地区。boundary 指“边界线”，主要指领土的边界。The river is the boundary between the two countries.这条河是两国的界河。Science advances the boundaries of knowledge.科学扩展了知识的范围。frontier 指“就一国而言的边界”。修饰词：常用以修饰另一个名词：frontier towns; 边境城镇；frontier law. 边境法规单项填空Her handkerchief has a blue , which makes it special in the room. A. Border B. line C. map D.sign解析:选 A。句意为：她的手帕有一个蓝色的花边，这使它在房间里很特别。 border 此处意为“边饰”。3. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定n.C,U 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施；（一定的）量，程度常用结构：measure A by B 用 B 衡量 Asth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长 4 米宽 2 米measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sbs measure 给某人量身做一套衣服take measures 采取措施beyond measure 无法估计；极度full/short measure 足量/不足量in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地in some/equal measure 在某种/ 同等程度上in a measure 或 in some measure 在某种程度上：The new law was in a measure harmful. 新的法律在某种程度上说是有害的What measures shall we take to find out the thief? 我们采取什么措施抓住那个贼?Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗?Its hard to measure his ability when we havent seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。We must take preventive measures to reduce crime in the area. 我们必须采取预防措施来减少这个地区的犯罪。(1)完成句子 The tailor made a suit （为我量身订做）.Success/Happiness isn t ( 以衡量) how much money you have.(2)翻译句子我们教室的尺寸是长 10 米宽 6 米。一棵高达 30 米的树被砍倒了。答案：(1)to my measuremeasured by(2)Our classroom measures 10 metres by 6 metres.A tree measuring 30 metres was cut down.4. distance n. 距离；远方；v. 不介入，与疏远常用结构：at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远in the distance 在远方out of distance from 离太远；达不到keep sb. at a distance 对冷淡；与疏远keep distance from 与保持距离distance oneself from 使远离；使疏远My house is four miles distance from the sea. 我家离海 4 英里。Whats the distance to Beijing? 到北京的距离是多少？The beach is within walking distance of my house.海滩离我家很近，走几步路就到了。We saw lights in the distance.我们看到了远处的灯火。She was warned to keep her distance from John if she didnt want to get hurt. 有人警告她说，如果不想受到伤害就离约翰远一点。After he retired, he tried to distance himself from politics. 退休后，他便尽量使自己远离政治。拓展distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配常用结构：mix A and/with B 把 A 与 B 混合起来mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物mix sth. in/into 把某物掺进去be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 药剂师给我配了些药。Oil and water dont mix. 油和水不能混合。Oil wont mix with water. 油不能和水混合。拓展mixture n.U,C 混合（物） ；混合状态用 mix 相关短语的适当形式填空 Dont try to business pleasure.Mix the eggs the flour.I don t want to in the affair.答案： mix; withintobe mixed up6. impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记常用结构：impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth.使某人铭记某事 The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists.外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。impression n.C印象；感想impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；令人敬佩的make/give/create an impression on/upon. 给一个印象have/get the impression that/of 有的印象用 impress 相关短语的适当形式填空 Father me the value of hard work.One candidate in particular us her knowledge.You an excellent us.When I first met him I he was a humorous man.答案： impressed onimpressed; withmade; impression uponhad the impression that重点短语7. settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯于新的生活方式/工作等She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒适地坐在扶手椅上看书。W