,定语从句,The Attributive Clause,I like quiet music.,I like music that is quiet.,定语从句,1. 什么是定语从句？ 2. 什么是先行词？ 3. 什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何确定？ 4. 如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句？,Think about it,a girl who likes red .,I know,Learn to discover,定语从句,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。,两个句子,两个词,主 句,从句,？,1. I know a girl,2.,who likes red.,Jim reads books,which are fun.,主句,从句,完整的句子是主句,不完整的句子是从句,3.Do you know the things and persons,that they are talking about?,两个词,先行词,关系代词,被定语从句修饰的词,who,which,that,在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,定语从句,先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 定语从句一般放在先行词后面。而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前 。,关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为 关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose)和 关系副词（when, where, why)。关系代词在从 句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词 在句中作状语。,Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who is beautiful.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句,I like music that / which I can dance to.,先行词,关系代词,定语从句,I like the singer who is beautiful.,I like the movie that is funny.,找一找,I still remember the first time when I met her.,Learn to think,关系代词,先行词,决定,先行词,关系代词,人,物,人和物,who,which,that,that,that,whom宾语,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,I have an apple.,An apple is red.,I have an apple,that is red.,修饰先行词 an apple,I have some friends.,Some friends like sports.,I have some friends,who like sports.,修饰先行词 friends,I like the movie. The movie is exciting.,I like the movie that is exciting .,that 修饰先行词movie,The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,The woman lives next door.,who修饰先行词woman,Match the two sentences 1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. _ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. _,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,1.关系代词that, which引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语),This is a dream. The dream will never come true.,This is a dream which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found. The dog was lost.,The dog that/which was lost has been found.,Practise: 1.This is the house. The house is for sale This is the house that/which is for sale.,which / that 作主语. (不能省),（作主语）,which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）,This is the card. Ive just received the card.,This is the card which / that Ive just received.,Practise: 1.This is the mistake. I always make mistake. This is the mistake which /that I always make 2. I still keep the letters. She wrote the letters to me . I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.,( ),（作宾语）,( ),2.关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语) whom (作宾语),who / that 作主语. (不能省),This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语),The boy called Roy. The boy broke the window. The boy who/that broke the window is called Roy.,/ that,Practise:,who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略),The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.,The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）,The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night.,The thief (who/that/whom) the police caught last night has been sent to prison.,Practise:,小结： 1).that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 2).which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,3).who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.,These are the trees which were planted last year.,当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.,who, whom, whose, that用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,Whom 作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,whose 作定语从句的定语.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略.,The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.,有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：,当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 1).Thats all that I know. 2).Is there anything that I can do for you? 3).He answered few questions that the teacher asked.,2).The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。 1).Thats the only thing that I can do now. 2).These are the very words that he used.,2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 1).That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.,Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?,4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句 的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 w