Module 8 知识点一， excuse 的用法1， 作动词，“原谅，宽恕”，常指原谅一个人的轻微过失或疏忽，主语通常是人例：Please excuse my bad handwriting .2, 作名词，“理由”，例：I wont let him get away with that excuse .我不会让他用那种借口蒙混过去。二， difference 的用法可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词例：I can make a difference in this world .世界因我而不同It makes no difference to me whether you go or not .三， hope和wish 的用法1， hope to do sth I hope (that )to be your friend .不能用hope sb to do sth 2, hope +that 从句I hope (that) I can be a doctor like my father .3, hope 可以和so 连用I hope so .4，wish 后可以接动词不定式，双宾语，复合宾语或that 从句等作宾语I wish to see you .I wish you well and happy .I wish I were a bird .四,1，be mad about /on sth /sb :对。着迷；对。如痴如狂例：Both brothers are mad about tennis .2, be mad with sb :对某人生气例：She was mad with me for coming home late .3, be mad at .：对。非常恼火例：He was mad at missing his train .例：她为我丢了钥匙而生我的气She _ _ _me _ _my keys .五encourage的用法：encourage sb. To do sth Encouragement : n, 鼓励例：The teachers words were a great encouragement to him .例：Our country encourages more students _ football .Now many football clubs have been set up in schools .A, play B, playing C, to play D, will play 六，stop sb (from) doing sth :阻止某人做某事Nobody can stop him doing that 七，be proud of 和take pride in Proud 是形容词 pride 是名词例：Im proud of my country .I take pride in my country .Im proud of helping others when they are in trouble .I take pride in helping others when they are in trouble .八，一般过去时的被动语态构成：主语+was /were +动词的过去分词+（by +动作执行者）例：The bridge was built in October last year .否定形式：His computer was not stolen last night .一般疑问句形式：Was your homework finished yesterday evening ?特殊疑问句形式：Why was this problem not worked out ?九：含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句：把含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，要把其中的宾语变为被动语态的主语，原来的宾语补足语位置不变。例：We call him Zhou Jian .He is called Zhou Jian (by us )在主动句中，一些表示感官或使役意义的动词，如：hear ,watch ,see ,feel ,listen ,look ,let ,have ,help，make 等后面的宾语补足语是动词不定式时， 主动语态中要用不带to的动词不定式，但在变为被动语态时， 要带to 例;We often hear her sing in the room .She is often heard to sing in the room .例：These rules are made _the disabled .A, protect B, protected C, to protect D, protecting The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating .(改为被动语态)The plates _ _away by the waiter after we finished eating .2