A New Type for the National Entrance Exam Grammatical Filling （语法填空）,Introduction Practicing and Thinking (思考与训练),What is the grammatical filling?,Two meanings for the word grammatical: 1. connected with the rules of grammar 语法的;文法的 2. correctly following the rules of grammar 符合语法规则的；合乎文法的 e.g. That sentence isnt grammatical. 那句子不合语法,Explanation for the word grammatical,Check whether the following sentences are grammatical:,1. You is a student. 2. He work in the office. 3. - How are you? - Very good. Thank you. 4. Teachers should take good care after their students. 5. This sentence is grammatical good.,6. He does well in his work, but he passed his exam. 7. The sentence where you use here isnt grammatical. 8. I have a very good vase, and one was bought by my father yesterday.,Compare: I have a blue vase, and youd better have a red one.,9. Which is the nine biggest lake in the world? 10. I havent had time to clear up, so Im all at sevens and eights.,Note: There are not separated sentences on the national examination paper for you to do, but a passage. You should pay attention to the grammatical rules in the context while doing it.,Analysis and Finding (分析与探究),How to help the students think about the correct filling words in the passage.,Three steps: SkimmingFillingReview Four abilities are needed while filling : 1. Ability for reading and comprehension from the context (阅读/理解语篇的能力). 2. Ability of sentence structure analysis (分析句子结构的能力). 3. Ability of having a good command of English grammar (熟练运用语法的能力). 4. Be sure of the key points of the filling words which are to be tested (明确所考要点).,Completing the grammatical word filling needs three steps and four abilities:,广东省2007年英语高考样题 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为31-40的相应位置。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）,Passage 1 Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese 36 (kill) right below their windows. She was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 39 why people didnt act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency（紧急情况）. Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? Its not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 45 the person wont get the help he needs.,Step 1. Skimming: Go through the passage and get the general idea (浏览短文, 获取主旨大意).,Step 2. Knowing about the usual scattered grammatical points before filling (填空前了解所常分散的语法点).,Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese _36 (kill) right below their windows. She was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 39 why people didnt act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency（紧急情况）.,being killed,their,none,reason,before,an,Step 3. Review: Check the answers,Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? Its not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 45 the person wont get the help he needs.,from,more,responsible,or,Analyze the scattered points：,Try making a test paper by using your abilities （尝试命题）,How are the exercises made up of?,Read Passage B and try making exercise paper for grammatical filling according to what you have learnt about the scattered points (用刚学的考点,尝试用下面的短文,进行语法填空的命题) Passage 2 More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months before the fire; it was Sao Paulos newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor. No one knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.,Try making an exercise paper according to the scattered points in the following table (按下列考点分布制作试题),Activities,Show the students results and ask them why they should do so?,More than 220 people were killed in the fire _1_ destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building