单元质量评估(二)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AGoing to the beach is many Americans favourite activity.They went swimming in the ocean without giving a thought to what was underwater.But those days are long gone.In the summer of 1988，many of the beaches had to be closed because garbage(废料)from hospitals was found in the water.The garbage included glass bottles with samples of blood，and people were afraid they might get AIDS from the blood.At some beaches，sewage(污物)was found in the water.Americans were shocked by this state of affairs.People didnt think of the underwater garbage because it was out of sight.Some of the most polluted waters still look beautiful.San Francisco Bay is a good example of a beautiful bay thats full of chemicals.Scientists discovered pollution in some lakes and rivers when they found fish with rotting skin.People are told not to eat too much fish because of pollution.Most American cities put their garbage in the ground.But New York and a few other cities put their garbage in the ocean.Boston Harbour is so polluted that scientists say it wont recover until the next century.The government has ordered the city to build a sewage treatment plant.Cleaning up oceans wont be easy，but people can no longer ignore this challenge.【语篇解读】美国海域受污染情况不容乐观。1The main idea of the article is that_Aocean waters around America have become pollutedBAmericans are bringing too much garbage to the beachCbeaches were closed because Americans were shockedDgoing to the beach is many Americans favourite activity解析：主旨大意题。全文讲述了美国海域遭受污染的情况。答案：A2Why many of the beaches had to be closed in 1988?ABecause sewage was found everywhere.BBecause there was danger underwater.CBecause medical waste was found in the water.DBecause there were many glass bottles.解析：细节理解题。由第一段可知，因为海水里发现了医疗废物，所以许多海滩不得不关闭。答案：C3Many polluted waters are still beautiful because_Achemicals can be beautifulBthey have been cleaned upCpollution is underwater or hard to seeDthere are still many fish in them解析：细节理解题。从最后一段前两句可知。答案：C4More people can go to the beaches near Boston if _Athe city puts garbage in the groundBa sewage plant is builtCthey dont eat too much fishDthey stop polluting the water解析：推理判断题。从最后一段的最后两句可知。答案：BBWhen it comes to learning a foreign language，many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough vocabulary.But this question never happens about their mother tongue，and yet，it was a foreign language once.However，among all the questions that new parents ask，no doctor has ever heard：“Will my baby be able to learn my language？”Be honest，do you know all the words of your mother tongue？The answer is：“No.”New words，and new ways of using old words，appear every day.Twenty years ago，who would have been able to understand a sentence like this：“Click here to download your digital book？” Nobody.You never stop learning new vocabulary and you never know how long you will need it.Sometimes，you have the word on the tip of your tongue.and it sticks there！But you do know this phenomenon(现象)and dont think that it is because of a bad memory.You should not give this phenomenon more importance in the language you are learning than in your mother tongue.You need to learn only 2，000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.You cant avoid some work in order to learn these necessary words and all the more if you want to learn quickly.And before you consider buying into any method，be sure it is right for you.It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics (记忆术)The first words seem very easy to learn，so you buy the course，but then you discover quickly，though too late，that a dozen words later，it is all the more difficult to learn a new word when you have also to learn the trick to memorize it.【语篇解读】学外语是否有必要记住所有单词？5From the first paragraph，we can infer that _Athere is no need to know all the words of a foreign languageBit is honest to answer“no”to a question you dont knowCa baby can know all the new words of its mother tongueDpeople find it hard to memorize vocabulary of their language解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的“Be honest，do you know all the words of your mother tongue? The answer is：No.”可知，一个人既然连自己的母语的词汇都不可能全认识，那么在学习外语时，也没有必要记住所有的词汇。答案：A6To learn a foreign language，the author advises you _Ato remember new words appearing every dayBto keep up with new ways of using old wordsCto learn at least 2，000 necessary wordsDto pay more attention to your bad memory解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“You need to learn only 2，000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.”可知C项为正确答案。答案：C7The authors attitude to mnemonics is _AsupportiveBneutralCopponent Dindifferent解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics.”可知，作者对记忆术是持否定态度的。答案：C8The pas