Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero grammar课时作业.阅读理解ASir John Gurdon，a British scientist，who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012，said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years，and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues，the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown，the first “testtube baby”He said，“When my first frog experiments were done，an American reporter asked how long it would be before these things could be done in mammals or humans.I said，Well，it could be anytime between 10 years and 100 yearshow about 50 years？ It turned out that it wasnt far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.” Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin，and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children，who are no longer fertile (能生育的)，to create another by using the mothers eggs and skin cells from the first child，thinking the technique was safe and effective，is 60 percent in favor.The reasons for “no” are usually that the new children would feel they are some sort of replacements for something.语篇解读诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、英国科学家约翰格登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。1Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in _ at most.Aabout 100 yearsBabout 60 yearsCabout 50 years Dabout 10 years解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。故选C项。答案：C2According to the text，which statement is NOT true?ALouise Brown is the first “testtube baby”BHuman cloning is still a controversial topic.CSir John is positive about the future of human cloning.DHuman cloning is creating something that didnt exist before.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“after the birth of Louise Brown，the first testtube baby”可排除A项；文章尾段说明赞成者占6成，故排除B项；根据第二段中格登爵士的话可知，他对克隆人充满了希望，故排除C项；根据第二段的尾句可知，D项表述不正确。答案：D3The underlined word “identical” probably means “_”Asame BspecialCnew Dclear解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的 “twin”和文中的“doctors would therefore simply becopying what nature has already produced”可知，A项正确。答案：A4It can be inferred from the passage that_.Amost people cast doubt on Johns experimentsBhuman cloning is and will be only a dreamCfew children love to be cloned in the futureDhuman cloning may be realized someday解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心，因此可推断D项正确。答案：DBPeople like Martin Luther King Jr，Nelson Mandela，Kofi Annan and Mother Teresa have become famous all around the world.And what do they have in common？They are all winners of the Nobel Peace Prize.But none of them would have received their prize and the recognition it brings if it had not been for one Swedish man，Alfred Nobel.When Alfred joined the Nobel family company，it had been developing explosives for many years.Alfreds father Immanuel，had started the family fortune by working for the Russian army to produce landmines and sea mines (地雷和水雷)But the family made even more money by making nitroglycerine，which was an effective but very dangerous explosive.One day Alfred arrived home to find that his 20yearold brother Emil had been killed in a nitroglycerine explosion.Alfred became determined to invent a safer explosive.The result was dynamite (黄色炸药)，which became an immediate success all over the world.Alfred Nobel always wanted dynamite to be used for peaceful tasks.And when it was used to explode a path for the Panama Canal in 1914，he couldnt have been happier.Unfortunately，in the same year，the First World War started，and，when it ended four years later，dynamite had been used to take away the lives of thousands of young men.To see his invention being used in this way made him very sad.Sometime later Alfreds older brother Ludwig died.One newspaper accidentally printed Alfreds obituary (讣告) instead of his brothers.The obituary described Alfred as a man who had become rich by inventing a weapon (武器) of mass destruction.When Alfred read this review of his life，he was very unhappy and decided to do something about it.He decided that he would use the great fortune that he had made to reward people who had been working to improve the good in society.The five awards he created were for physics，chemistry，medicine，literature and，most significantly，peace.In 1997 the Nobel Peace Prize went to an American cal