A Brief Introduction to TOEFL Writing,Contents,Introduction to TOEFL iBT Writing Integrated Writing Independent writing The Independent Writing An exercise Tips How Essays Are Scored Sample Analysis,Integrated Writing,Integrated writing refers to an essay response about what the students are learning in an academic setting (e.g. in a class). This requires combining information they have heard in class lectures with what they have read in textbooks or other materials.,Integrated Writing,The students will read a passage about an academic topic for 3 minutes, and then hear a short lecture related to the topic. Then they will be asked to summarize the points in the listening passage and explain how they relate to specific points in the reading passage within 20 minutes. The students need to be able to :,Independent Writing,Independent writing requires the students to write an essay that expresses and supports an opinion based on their own knowledge and experience. The students will be presented with a question, and they have 30 minutes to write an essay in response. The question is typically phrased like this:,Independent Writing,An effective response is typically 300 words long. If you write fewer than 300 words, you may still receive a top score, but experience has shown that shorter responses typically do not demonstrate the development of ideas needed to earn a score of 5.,An Exercise,Within 10 minutes, make a writing plan and write the opening paragraph of an essay on the task below: Time is up! Are you finished? How did you feel?,Tips,How Essays Are Scored,Development The amount and kinds of support (examples, details, reasons) for your ideas that you present in your essay. Organization How well your essay is organized and how easy it is for the reader to follow your ideas. Language use Complexity of sentence structures, quality and complexity of your vocabulary, correct lexical and grammatical use.,Group discussion: According to the Scoring Rubric, what specific qualities ensure a high score in the Independent Writing section?,Dos and Donts,Development Do not memorize long introductory and concluding paragraphs. just to add words to your essay. Do not use a lot of words but fails to develop any real ideas. Do not use a lot of words saying that a certain issue exists. Make sure you develop some solid ideas about the given topic. Organization Write in paragraphs. Mark transitions from one idea to another in various ways. Make sure the points you make relate to the topic and your main idea. Do not just use transition words such as first or second. Avoid redundancy (repetition of ideas), digression (points not related to your main idea), and unclear connections (places where it is hard for the reader to understand how two ideas or parts of your writing are related). Language use Use a variety of sentence structures. Use appropriate choice of words.,Sample Analysis,Group discussion: Grade the two essays based on your understanding of the Scoring Rubric, and give your reasons. Essay 1: 5 Essay 2: 3,Assignments,Conduct a research on “Do Aliens Exist?” for next weeks mini-lecture. Work out an outline and write one supporting paragraph in response to the task below: The expression “Never, never give up” means to keep trying and never stop working for your goals. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.,Thank You!,