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Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.,八年级下册英语(人教版),单元语法专题Grammar Focus,在英语中,有些动词通过在后面加上介词、副词或其他词表达特定含义,这样的短语称为短语动词,其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词,有些则相当于不及物动词。短语动词的构成主要有以下几种形式:,动词介词 常见的有ask for,agree with,begin with,call on,care about,deal with,laugh at,take after,work on等。这类短语动词的宾语放在介词后。如: We have to look after ourselves when we are away from home.,动词副词 常见的有cheer up,clean up,fix up,give up,look up,hand in,take off,turn on/off/up/down等。这些短语动词的宾语是名词时,置于副词前后均可;若宾语是代词,则只能置于动词和副词之间。如: Turn off the light, please./Turn the light off, please. She looks really upset.Lets cheer her up.,动词副词介词 常见的有catch/keep up with,come up with,do well in,get on/along with,look forward to,run out of,stay away from等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如: What if you run out of all your pocket money?,动词名词介词 常见的有make fun of,make use of,pay attention to,take care of,take part in,take pride in等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如: You must pay attention to your spelling. be动词形容词介词 My sister is good at dancing.,1动词不定式的结构 动词不定式由“to动词原形”构成,没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能单独作谓语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to do sth.,否定形式是not to do sth.。,2动词不定式的功能 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。如: I want to go shopping with you. I have something important to tell you. She got up early to catch the train.,一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1Dont forget _ (lock) the door when you leave. 2Would you like _ (go) and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 3I often hear the girl _ (play) the piano in the next room. 4Can we _ (put) off the meeting till next Monday morning? 5Would you please _ (give) out the exam papers?,to lock,to go,play,put,give,二、单项选择。 6(成都中考)Our English teacher wants us _ English stories out of class. Aread Breading Cto read 7(河南中考)The boss asked Tim to go and _ out if there was anyone else absent. Afind Bfinding Cto find Dfound,C,A,8She came here _ her grandparents. Avisit Bto visit Cvisiting Dvisited 9济宁中考)Xiongan New Area will help _ big problems in Beijing,such as traffic jams. Aset out Bcheck out Cwork out Dgive out,B,C,10The government of China _ the idea of A Belt and A Road in 2013. Acame up with Bcheered up Cput up Dtook up,A,三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整、通顺。 Yesterday my sister and I went 11. _ (buy) something for her birthday.She didnt really know what 12. _ (get) but she seemed 13. _ (like) the idea of a pet,so we went to the nearest pet shop.She started 14. _ (look) around at all the animals.The man in the shop advised her 15. _ (choose) the rabbits, but when she saw some puppies16. _ (play) in the box, she said she would like 17. _ (have) one of them.,to buy,to get,to like,to look/looking,to choose,playing,to have,I didnt know if we had enough money 18._ (buy) one and I hoped my mother would want us 19._ (have) a dog in the house, but my sister promised 20._ (look) after it well and we had enough money, so we bought a little brown dog.,to buy,to have,to look,
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