,Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips,Grammar,一般现在时的被动语态: amisare done 一般过去时的被动语态: waswere done 一般将来时的被动语态: willshall bedone 现在完成时的被动语态:,Basketball is played by people all over the world.,A party was held (by them) last Sunday.,You will be fined if you go wrong,Revision,have / has + been + done,The bridge has been built for two years.,the passive voice with modal verbs,must throw,should cook,Rubbish _ _ into the bin.,Food _ before eating.,must,be thrown,should be cooked,The classroom should be cleaned,The exit may be stuck,may stick (粘贴),_on the side door.,_ every day.,should clean,RULE 1,We use _ + past participle to form the passive voice with modal verbs（情态动词）.,modal verbs + be,Passive voice with modal verbs (can, may, must and should),e.g. The work can be finished in an hour.,含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：,肯定式： 主语+ can / may / must / should / + be动词过去分词 否定式：主语+ can / may / must / should + not + be + 动词过去分词 一般疑问句结构： Can / May / Must / Should + 主语+ be +动词过去分词?,the passive voice in the present perfect tense,树木已经被砍伐了（cut down) _ 河水已经被污染了（pollute) _,Trees have been cut down.,Water in the river has been polluted.,米饭已经做好了. _ _ 画已经画好了. _ _,Rice has been cooked already.,The picture has been drawn already.,现在完成时被动语态肯定句 主语+has/ have been +V.P.P.+.(V.P.P.=动词的过去分词形式) Her motorbike has been stolen. 她的摩托车被盗了。 现在完成时被动语态否定句 主语+has/ have +not+ been+ V. P.P. +. The task has not been finished yet. 任务尚未完成。,RULE 2,RULE 2,现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句 句型1 Has he (she, it,单数名词)+been+ V.P.P.+.? 句型2 Have we ( you , they,复数名词） + been + V.P.P. +.? Has a new computer been bought? 买了一台新电脑吗? Have they been sent abroad to study English? 他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?,RULE 2,现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句 疑问词+have (has)+主语+been+ P.P.+.? What has been bought by Tom? 汤姆已经买了什么东西? Who have been helped by the new computer? 谁已经得到这种新计算机的帮助? How many buildings have been built in this school? 这所学校已经建造了多少座大楼? Where has the car been repaired? 这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?,1. We use _ or _ + past participle to form the passive voice in the present perfect tense.(现在完成时）,2. We use _ + past participle to form the passive voice with modal verbs.（情态动词）,has been,have been,modal verbs + be,Summary,Turn the following into the Passive Voice. 1.We have planted some trees around the lake. Some trees have been planted around the lake . 2. My father has locked the door. The door has been locked. 3. Someone has turned off the light. The light has been turned off. 4. They have rebuilt the bridge. The bridge has been rebuilt.,Practice,1.The rivers smells terrible People must _dirty things into it . A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop form throwing 2. Paper _first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. Do you like the flower ? Yes , it _sweet . A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells 4. It snowed heavily last night . The ground _ thick snow . A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with,Exercises:,5. The light in the room _before you leave . A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off 6. The bridge _since three weeks ago. A. has been build B. was built C. will be built D. builds 7. The old men and the children must _ in our country . A. take good care B. be taken good care C. take good care of D. be taken good care of 8. Paul doesnt have to be made_. He always works hard . A.learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning,9. The girl was unhappy because she _by some boys in the class . A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at 10. We _that the English test _ next Monday . A. are told , gives B. tell , will give C. are told , will be given D. told , is going to be given 11. Great changes _ place in China since 1980 . A. have been taken B. have taken C. has been taken D. took,Thank you!,Thank you:),